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78.More information
My hypothesis is that, during the second half of the nineteenth century, precisely when time was asserting itself so insistently and oppressively, as is emphasised by Darwin's, Clausius's and Schopenhauer's work, space replaced time as Man's primary experience of Being-in-the-world. If Rimbaud fails in his attempt to kill time, through a kind of frantic acceleration, he will, on the other hand, be the first to capture time in space, in a poetic space made up of simultaneity and reversibility.Mallarmé, then Valéry and Apollinaire will make this new space, truly phenomenological, the locus where the self (the author's as well the reader's) be able to effectuate itself, on the way to self-discovery - thus announcing the twentieth century, during which writing will largely derive its meaning from being the space where the self can literally invent itself.
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The aim of this article is to examine different theories of reading, writing and translation in the context of an interdisciplinary anthropology of translation from a feminist perspective and within the framework of contemporary hermeneutics. If the concept of ‘‘gender'' is a useful category to analyze social relations between the sexes, it is also a valuable reading grid to identify social constructions that reveal power relations. Indeed, the evolution of society today has put into question the gains of the feminist movement since the 1970s. Translation, in revealing practices of domination and subversion, can bring new elements to the feminist debate on power and the violence of the patriarchal tradition. Our analysis of the symbolic dimension of male-dominated hierarchy refers in particular to the work of Françoise Héritier on thought related to sexual difference in systems of representation. We shall examine metaphors of marriage and sexuality in translation in light of Lori Chamberlain's work, and begin with George Steiner's masculine model of translation. While referring to an unconscious theological dimension in translation, as shown by Jean-René Ladmiral, we shall argue that there is also an unconscious dimension of love to which it is tied and which seems to be present in all of the thinking about translation, as well as in translation studies. Other descriptions of translation in the context of love or as a sexual dialectic will also be discussed, in particular Valery Larbaud's reading and Serge Gavronsky's argument developed in psychoanalytical terms. Different feminist interpretations of translation illustrating the freedom to resist stereotypes, and therefore inequality, will be put forth in opposition to gender metaphorics in translation and Steiner's model, while opening the discussion to the question of authority. Questions of gender, sexuality and authority in translation have deep political implications, and we conclude our analysis with an argument in favour of a pluralistic view of authority.
Keywords: lecture, herméneutique, traduction féministe, métaphores sexuelles, reading, hermeneutics, feminist translation, sexual metaphors
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Le « principe archaïque de la richesse » ou le vouloir comme possession dans Mammon de Robert Alexis
More informationIn his novel Mammon, Robert Alexis paints a broad fresco that sums up all that is lust. In so doing, Alexis returns more pointedly to the thrust of his other books, heeding the true calling of desire. Much like the young female reporter invited by the wealthy Moreau to his castle, the reader is drawn into the author's narrative and schooled in the materialism of lust and the selfishness and sacrifice it requires in a constantly doomed, yet reborn nature. Beyond its appeal to the aesthete or the technically inclined, Alexis's style is also targeting the aristocratic milieu that it depicts, and which drives its readership.