Abstracts
Abstract
The Minorities question is currently a hot issue in Europe. But what are the concerned minorities and to which of them should the existing – national and international – legal instruments apply? Amongst the States of the New Europe, Latvia, with its important immigrant population, offers a striking example of the current minority problematics. The study of this Baltic country reveals the main issues about this question and shows why there are currently reasons to broaden the traditional concept of national minorities. I also shows how some countries have undertaken to instrumentalize this trend to turn “their” minorities in neighbouring states into political instruments.
Résumé
La question des minorités et de leur protection est aujourd’hui un thème brûlant en Europe. Mais de quelles minorités parle-t-on et à lesquelles d’entre elles doivent s’appliquer les nombreux instruments juridiques – nationaux et internationaux – développés au cours de ces dernières décennies ? Parmi les États de la “nouvelle Europe”, la Lettonie offre un exemple éclairant de la problématique minoritaire actuelle. L'étude de ce pays permet de mettre en relief les principaux problèmes rencontrés et notamment de faire apparaître pourquoi la tendance actuelle consiste à étendre la portée du concept de “minorité nationale”. Si des raisons objectives militent en ce sens, une analyse objective de la situation montre que certains États s’efforcent aussi de transformer “leurs” minorités dans des États voisins en instruments politiques.
Appendices
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