Abstracts
Résumé
Les complications vasculaires, conséquences de l’hyperglycémie chronique, sont responsables de l’essentiel de la morbidité et de la mortalité chez les patients diabétiques. La cible principale de la toxicité chronique de l’hyperglycémie est la cellule endothéliale vasculaire. L’ischémie secondaire aux lésions vasculaires déclenche une réponse angiogénique. Chez le diabétique, cette réponse angiogénique à l’ischémie diffère selon le tissu en cause, excessive dans certains organes comme la rétine, elle est le plus souvent déficiente ailleurs. Les effets directs de l’hyperglycémie sur l’expression des facteurs de croissance vasculaires sont diversement appréciés, et pourraient varier en fonction de l’organe étudié. De plus, les effets délétères de l’hyperglycémie sur l’angiogenèse ne se limitent probablement pas aux effets directs sur l’expression de facteurs de croissance.
Summary
Vascular complications of chronic hyperglycemia cause most of diabetes-associated morbidity and mortality. Main targets of chronic hyperglycemia are vascular endothelial cells. Ischemia is the late consequence of vascular damage in patients with diabetes and triggers an angiogenic response. In patients with diabetes, the angiogenic response to chronic ischemia can be excessive in some of the target organs and insufficient in others, in the same individual. The direct effects of hyperglycemia on the expression level of vascular growth factors have been variably appreciated and depend on the studied organ and model. Beyond the described effects of hyperglycemia on the expression level of vascular growth factors, direct and indirect effects of hyperglycemia on endothelial cell proliferation, extra-cellular matrix and metalloproteases might be involved in the pathology of angiogenesis in diabetes.
Appendices
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