Abstracts
Abstract
The migration to online learning has brought about several new problems. Poor signal quality, large Internet quotas, and device compatibility with learning applications are the most common complaints among students. Additionally, students’ poor self-directed learning skills, the excessive number of assignments given by teachers, and the use of monotonous teaching methods and media are also identified as issues. Therefore, the development of learning media that facilitate students’ learning processes and support their active engagement becomes crucial. This research aimed to develop PDF hyperlink learning media for online Arabic language learning at Madrasah Aliyah Negeri 4 in Hulu Sungai Tengah District, South Kalimantan, Indonesia (MAN 4 HST). The research model used in this study is the 4D model, consisting of four stages: define, design, develop, and disseminate. In this research, layout and accessibility received good validation scores of 4.3, and the presentation of the contents received a good validation score of 4.2. Additionally, the Wilcoxon test results indicated that the use of PDF hyperlink media significantly influences learning outcomes and receives positive feedback from students. Thus, the use of PDF hyperlink media is recommended for educational institutions experiencing digital divides, as well as those implementing asynchronous learning.
Keywords:
- Arabic learning,
- asynchronous,
- learning media,
- online learning,
- PDF hyperlink
Download the article in PDF to read it.
Download
Appendices
Bibliography
- Abou-Khalil, V., Helou, S., Khalifé, E., Chen, M. A., Majumdar, R., & Ogata, H. (2021). Emergency online learning in low-resource settings: Effective student engagement strategies. Education Sciences, 11(1), Article 24. https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci11010024
- Adedoyin, O. B., & Soykan, E. (2023). Covid-19 pandemic and online learning: The challenges and opportunities. Interactive Learning Environments, 31(2), 863–875. https://doi.org/10.1080/10494820.2020.1813180
- Afolabi, F. (2021). Learning styles: Tools for understanding media selection and learners’ academic achievement in physics. Journal of Educational Sciences, 5(4), 584–597. https://doi.org/10.31258/jes.5.4.p.584-597
- Al-Husban, N., & Tawalbeh, M. (2023). EFL teachers’ practices and perspectives on learner autonomy in virtual language learning environments in Jordan. International Journal of Language Education, 7(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.26858/ijole.v1i1.36156
- Ali, W. (2020). Online and remote learning in higher education institutes: A necessity in light of COVID-19 pandemic. Higher Education Studies, 10(3), 16–25. https://doi.org/10.5539/hes.v10n3p16
- Almaiah, M. A., Al-Khasawneh, A., & Althunibat, A. (2020). Exploring the critical challenges and factors influencing the e-learning system usage during COVID-19 pandemic. Education and Information Technologies, 25(6), 5261–5280. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-020-10219-y
- Almanthari, A., Maulina, S., & Bruce, S. (2020). Secondary school mathematics teachers' views on e-learning implementation barriers during the COVID-19 pandemic: The case of Indonesia. Eurasia journal of mathematics, science and technology education, 16(7). https://doi.org/10.29333/ejmste/8240
- Alpizar-Chacon, I., & Sosnovsky, S. (2021). Knowledge models from PDF textbooks. New Review of Hypermedia and Multimedia, 27(1–2), 128–176. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/13614568.2021.1889692
- Alpizar-Chacon, I., van der Hart, M., Wiersma, Z. S., Theunissen, L. S., Sosnovsky, S., Brusilovsky, P., Baraniuk, R., & Lan, A. (2020). Transformation of PDF textbooks into intelligent educational resources. iTextbooks 2020, 2674, 4–16. https://dspace.library.uu.nl/handle/1874/414771
- Azhari, B., & Fajri, I. (2022). Distance learning during the COVID-19 pandemic: School closure in Indonesia. International Journal of Mathematical Education in Science and Technology, 53(7), 1934–1954. https://doi.org/10.1080/0020739X.2021.1875072
- Azlan, C. A., Wong, J. H. D., Tan, L. K., Huri, M. S. N. A., Ung, N. M., Pallath, V., Tan, C. P. L., Yeong, C. H., & Ng, K. H. (2020). Teaching and learning of postgraduate medical physics using Internet-based e-learning during the COVID-19 pandemic–A case study from Malaysia. Physica Medica, 80, 10–16. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmp.2020.10.002
- Batmetan, J. R., Katuuk, D. A., Lengkong, J. S. J., & Rotty, V. N. J. (2023). An investigation of e-learning readiness in vocational high school during the post pandemic Covid-19: Case from North Sulawesi. International Journal of Information Technology and Education, 2(3).
- Blau, I., Shamir-Inbal, T., & Avdiel, O. (2020). How does the pedagogical design of a technology-enhanced collaborative academic course promote digital literacies, self-regulation, and perceived learning of students? The Internet and Higher Education, 45, Article 100722. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iheduc.2019.100722
- Bonfield, C. A., Salter, M., Longmuir, A., Benson, M., & Adachi, C. (2020). Transformation or evolution? Education 4.0, teaching and learning in the digital age. Higher Education Pedagogies, 5(1), 223–246. https://doi.org/10.1080/23752696.2020.1816847
- Chand, V. S., Deshmukh, K. S., & Shukla, A. (2020). Why does technology integration fail? Teacher beliefs and content developer assumptions in an Indian initiative. Educational Technology Research and Development, 68, 2753–2774. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11423-020-09760-x
- Chen, L., Chen, T. L., Fang, C., & Zhou, L. (2019). Book review: Best practices for flipping the college classroom [Review of the book Best practices for flipping the college classroom, by J. B. Waldrop & M. A. Bowden, Eds.]. The International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning, 20(3). https://doi.org/10.19173/irrodl.v20i3.3242
- Cheshmehzangi, A., Zou, T., Su, Z., & Tang, T. (2022). The growing digital divide in education among primary and secondary children during the COVID-19 pandemic: An overview of social exclusion and education equality issues. Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment, 33(3), 434–449. https://doi.org/10.1080/10911359.2022.2062515
- Christopoulos, A., & Sprangers, P. (2021). Integration of educational technology during the Covid-19 pandemic: An analysis of teacher and student receptions. Cogent Education, 8(1), Article 1964690. https://doi.org/10.1080/2331186X.2021.1964690
- Churiyah, M., Sholikhan, S., Filianti, F., & Sakdiyyah, D. A. (2020). Indonesia education readiness conducting distance learning in Covid-19 pandemic situation. International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding, 7(6), 491–507. http://dx.doi.org/10.18415/ijmmu.v7i6.1833
- El Firdoussi, S., Lachgar, M., Kabaili, H., Rochdi, A., Goujdami, D., & El Firdoussi, L. (2020). Assessing distance learning in higher education during the COVID-19 pandemic. Education Research International, 2020, Article 8890633. https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/8890633
- Falloon, G. (2020). From digital literacy to digital competence: The teacher digital competency (TDC) framework. Educational Technology Research and Development, 68(5), 2449–2472. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11423-020-09767-4
- Gurevych, R. S., Dmitrenko, N. Ye., Petrova, A. I., Podzygun, O. A., & Opushko, N. R. (2022). Use of an e-textbook for pre-service teachers in autonomous learning of English for specific purposes. Information Technologies and Learning Tools, 89(3), 64–77. https://doi.org/10.33407/itlt.v89i3.4941
- Hadaya, A., & Hanif, M. (2019). The impact of using the interactive e-book on students' learning outcomes. International journal of instruction, 12(2), 709-722. https://doi.org/10.29333/iji.2019.12245a
- Håkansson Lindqvist, M. (2019). Talking about digital textbooks. The teacher perspective. The International Journal of Information and Learning Technology, 36(3), 254–265. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJILT-11-2018-0132
- Haleem, A., Javaid, M., Qadri, M. A., & Suman, R. (2022). Understanding the role of digital technologies in education: A review. Sustainable Operations and Computers, 3, 275–285. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.susoc.2022.05.004
- Heng, K., & Sol, K. (2021). Online learning during COVID-19: Key challenges and suggestions to enhance effectiveness. Cambodian Journal of Educational Research, 1(1), 3–16.
- Hoang Oanh, T. T. (2020). The impact of a flipped classroom on student learning achievements in EFL classrooms. Education, Language and Sociology Research, 1(2), 13–22. https://doi.org/10.22158/elsr.v1n2p13
- Huang, R., Liu, D., Tlili, A., Yang, J., & Wang, H. (2020). Handbook on facilitating flexible learning during educational disruption: The Chinese experience in maintaining undisrupted learning in COVID-19 outbreak. Smart Learning Institute of Beijing Normal University.
- Joseph, C. (2023). Sustainable teaching: Teacher readiness for online teaching working from home. In K. T. Çalıyurt (Ed.), Corporate sustainability in times of virus crises (pp. 249–270). Springer Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-9079-3_13
- Kasperski, R., Blau, I., & Ben-Yehudah, G. (2022). Teaching digital literacy: Are teachers’ perspectives consistent with actual pedagogy? Technology, Pedagogy and Education, 31(5), 615–635. https://doi.org/10.1080/1475939X.2022.2091015
- Kristiana, I. F., Prihatsanti, U., Simanjuntak, E., & Widayanti, C. G. (2023). Online student engagement: The overview of HE in Indonesia. The International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning, 24(3), 34–53. https://doi.org/10.19173/irrodl.v24i3.7125
- Kustyarini, K., Utami, S., & Koesmijati, E. (2020). The importance of interactive learning media in a new civilization era. European Journal of Open Education and E-Learning Studies, 5(2), 48–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.46827/ejoe.v5i2.3298
- Lang, S., & Baehr, C. (2023). Hypertext, hyperlinks, and the World Wide Web. In O. Kruse, C. Rapp, C. M. Anson, K. Benetos, E. Cotos, A. Devitt, & A. Shibani (Eds.), Digital writing technologies in higher education: Theory, research, and practice (pp. 51–61). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-36033-6_4
- Lee, S. J., Ward, K. P., Chang, O. D., & Downing, K. M. (2021). Parenting activities and the transition to home-based education during the COVID-19 pandemic. Children and Youth Services Review, 122, Article 105585. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2020.105585
- Lembani, R., Gunter, A., Breines, M., & Dalu, M. T. B. (2020). The same course, different access: The digital divide between urban and rural distance education students in South Africa. Journal of Geography in Higher Education, 44(1), 70–84. https://doi.org/10.1080/03098265.2019.1694876
- Li, M., & Yu, Z. (2022). Teachers’ satisfaction, role, and digital literacy during the COVID-19 pandemic. Sustainability, 14(3), Article 1121. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14031121
- Liu, C. H., Pinder-Amaker, S., Hahm, H. “C.”, & Chen, J. A. (2022). Priorities for addressing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on college student mental health. Journal of American College Health, 70(5), 1356–1358. https://doi.org/10.1080/07448481.2020.1803882
- Lusiyani, R., & Anindya, W. D. (2021). Choosing and using learning media during remote teaching: Teachers’ thought. Journal of English Language Teaching and Linguistics, 6(2), 407–423. https://doi.org/10.21462/jeltl.v6i2.555
- Rasmitadila, R., Aliyyah, R. R., Rachmadtullah, R., Samsudin, A., Syaodih, E., Nurtanto, M., & Tambunan, A. R. S. (2020). The perceptions of primary school teachers of online learning during the COVID-19 pandemic period. Journal of Ethnic and Cultural Studies, 7(2), 90–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.29333/ejecs/388
- Reimers, F., Schleicher, A., Saavedra, J., & Tuominen, S. (2020). Supporting the continuation of teaching and learning during the COVID-19 pandemic: Annotated resources for online learning. OECD. https://globaled.gse.harvard.edu/files/geii/files/supporting-the-continuation-of-teaching-and-learning-during-the-covid-19-pandemic.pdf
- Riwanda, A., Nor, S., Ridha, M., & Islamy, M. I. (2022, January). Assessing Arabic Teachers’ Assessment Methods in Evaluating Students’ Literacy. In International Conference on Madrasah Reform 2021 (ICMR 2021) (pp. 198-206). https://www.atlantis-press.com/proceedings/icmr-21/125968423
- Riwanda, A., Ridha, M., Islamy, M. I., Priatmoko, S., Cahyadi, A., & Susilawati, S. (2021). Measuring E-learning readiness for students of Islamic senior high school at south Kalimantan. https://www.atlantis-press.com/proceedings/iconetos-20/125955737
- Serrano, D. R., Dea‐Ayuela, M. A., Gonzalez‐Burgos, E., Serrano‐Gil, A., & Lalatsa, A. (2019). Technology‐enhanced learning in higher education: How to enhance student engagement through blended learning. European Journal of Education, 54(2), 273–286. https://doi.org/10.1111/ejed.12330
- Setiaji, B., & Santoso, P. H. (2023). An online physics laboratory delivered through live broadcasting media: A COVID-19 teaching experience. The International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning, 24(1), 47–65. https://doi.org/10.19173/irrodl.v24i1.6684
- Simamora, R. M., de Fretes, D., Purba, E. D., & Pasaribu, D. (2020). Practices, challenges, and prospects of online learning during Covid-19 pandemic in higher education: Lecturer perspectives. Studies in Learning and Teaching, 1(3), 185–208. https://doi.org/10.46627/silet.v1i3.45
- Sofi-Karim, M., Bali, A. O., & Rached, K. (2023). Online education via media platforms and applications as an innovative teaching method. Education and Information Technologies, 28(1), 507–523. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-022-11188-0
- Soydan Oktay, Ö., & Yüzer, T. V. (2023). The analysis of interactive scenario design principles supporting critical and creative thinking in asynchronous learning environments. Interactive Learning Environments. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1080/10494820.2023.2195443
- Thiagarajan, S., Semmel, D. S., & Semmel, M. I. (1974). Instructional development for training teachers of exceptional children: A sourcebook. Leadership Training Institute/Special Education, University of Minnesota; The Center for Innovation in Teaching the Handi-capped (CITH), Indiana University; The Council for Exceptional Children (CEC); and The Teacher Education Division of CEC. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=ED090725
- Triyason, T., Tassanaviboon, A., & Kanthamanon, P. (2020). Hybrid classroom: Designing for the new normal after COVID-19 pandemic. In K. Porkaew (Chair), Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Advances in International Technology (Article 30). Association for Computing Machinery. https://doi.org/10.1145/3406601.3406635
- Tuma, F. (2021). The use of educational technology for interactive teaching in lectures. Annals of Medicine and Surgery, 62, 231–235. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amsu.2021.01.051
- Turnbull, D., Chugh, R., & Luck, J. (2021). Transitioning to e-learning during the COVID-19 pandemic: How have higher education institutions responded to the challenge? Education and Information Technologies, 26(5), 6401–6419. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-021-10633-w
- Vo, T., Ledbetter, C., & Zuckerman, M. (2019). Video delivery of toxicology educational content versus textbook for asynchronous learning, using acetaminophen overdose as a topic. Clinical Toxicology, 57(10), 842–846. https://doi.org/10.1080/15563650.2019.1574974
- Wahyuni, W., & Komariah, A. (2021). Management of distance learning in rural areas in the era of the COVID-19 pandemic. In In A. Komariah, T. C. Kurniatun, D. A. Kurniady, R. Anggorowati, A. G. Abdullah, & A. B. D. Nandiyanto (Eds.), Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Research of Educational Administration and Management (ICREAM 2020) (pp. 444–448). Atlantis Press. https://www.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210212.092
- Wang, Y., Huang, X., Schunn, C. D., Zou, Y., & Ai, W. (2019). Redesigning flipped classrooms: A learning model and its effects on student perceptions. Higher Education, 78(4), 711–728. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10734-019-00366-8
- World Health Organization. (2020, March 18). Mental health and psychosocial considerations during the COVID-19 outbreak [Technical document]. https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/331490/WHO-2019-nCoV-MentalHealth-2020.1-eng.pdf