Abstracts
Abstract
Although the natural availability and quality of wood is variable across the Arctic, there is great continuity in how it was traditionally used. This article considers the value of wood to Arctic peoples and the criteria that would distinguish the utility of different pieces. The topic is explored in the case of kayak construction, one of the most complex carpentry tasks that can be inferred from many archaeological sites. Numerous types of kayaks were built in several periods by a variety of peoples using very different toolkits. Using both ethnographic and archaeological examples, it is shown that this technology everywhere shared several key stages of construction. Within these stages, specific carpentry tasks defined the criteria that all kayak builders used to select wood. By exploring the value of wood to Arctic peoples for carpentry, this article demonstrates the potential for understanding wood use through experimental archaeology.
Résumé
Bien que la disponibilité naturelle et la qualité du bois soient variables à travers l’Arctique, son usage traditionnel manifeste une grande continuité. Cet article examine la valeur du bois pour les peuples de l’Arctique et les critères de sélection des différents bois en fonction de leur utilité. Ce sujet est abordé par le biais de la construction des kayaks, l’une des tâches de menuiserie les plus complexes que l’on peut inférer d’après plusieurs sites archéologiques. De nombreux types de kayaks ont été construits durant plusieurs périodes par divers peuples utilisant des trousses d’outils différentes. Au moyen d’exemples tant ethnographiques qu’archéologiques, nous montrons que les étapes essentielles de la construction étaient largement partagées. Au sein de ces étapes, certaines tâches de menuiserie spécifiques définissaient les critères qu’utilisaient tous les constructeurs de kayaks pour sélectionner leurs bois. En examinant la valeur du bois de menuiserie pour les peuples de l’Arctique, cet article démontre le potentiel de l’archéologie expérimentale pour la compréhension de l’usage du bois.
Appendices
References
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