Résumés
Résumé
Les droits des victimes de crimes font actuellement l’objet de réformes constantes et d’une attention politique soutenue tant dans la plupart des pays développés que dans les plus hautes sphères des organisations internationales. Le présent article met l’accent sur le caractère international de tels constats en identifiant les normes de services et de soutien que les victimes sont maintenant en droit d’attendre de la part des acteurs de la justice pénale. L’article procédera à une analyse qualitative des déclarations de politique générale qui traitent de la place des victimes en cour et/ou pendant les procédures criminelles et ce, dans neuf juridictions distinctes, et à une analyse détaillée des engagements internationaux fixés par les Nations Unies, le Conseil de l’Europe et l’Union européenne. Les résultats démontrent que les réformes et les attentes en matière de droits des victimes de crimes prennent aujourd’hui la forme d’un processus de mondialisation. Les conséquences d’un tel processus seront explorées à la fois pour les acteurs du système et pour les victimes de crimes elles-mêmes.
Mots-clés :
- Victimes,
- tribunaux,
- justice pénale,
- droits des victimes
Abstract
Victims of crime are now the subjects of intense policy attention and reform across most developed nations, whilst also receiving sustained attention at the highest levels of many international organisations. This paper sets out to emphasise the international character of such developments by identifying common standards of service and support which victims are now told they can expect from criminal justice actors across jurisdictions, with particular emphasis on the place of victims in court during criminal proceedings. The paper draws on a qualitative analysis of relevant policy documents in nine separate jurisdictions as well as detailed analyses of international obligations set down by the United Nations, the Council of Europe and the European Union. The results show that such reforms and expectations are presently undergoing a process of globalisation. The implications of this will be explored both for criminal justice actors in domestic jurisdictions, and for victims of crime themselves.
Keywords:
- Victims,
- courts,
- criminal justice,
- rights
Resumen
Los derechos de las víctimas de crímenes son en la actualidad objeto de reformas constantes y de una atención política sostenida en la mayor parte de las naciones desarrolladas, así como en los niveles más altos de diversas organizaciones internacionales. El presente artículo destaca el carácter internacional de dichas tendencias mediante la identificación de normas comunes de servicios y apoyo que las víctimas pueden esperar actualmente de los diferentes actores de la justicia penal. El estudio se beneficia del análisis cualitativo de declaraciones de política general que tratan del lugar de las víctimas en los tribunales y/o durante los procedimientos penales en nueve diferentes jurisdicciones y del análisis detallado de las obligaciones internacionales establecidas a ese respecto por las Naciones Unidas, el Consejo de Europa y la Unión Europea. Los resultados demuestran que las reformas y expectativas relativas a las víctimas de crímenes se hallan actualmente en proceso de globalización. Las consecuencias de tal proceso se examinan tanto respecto de los actores de la justicia criminal como de las víctimas de crímenes.
Palabras clave:
- Víctimas,
- tribunales,
- justicia penal,
- derechos de las víctimas
Parties annexes
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