Résumés
Abstract
This article focuses on the strategies pursued by Anglo-American translators in dealing with Dante’s sexual imagery in the Comedy. The author attempts to explain why the original imagery — which condemns a corrupt Roman Catholic Church — has sexist connotations, and why it is reproduced in most translations in the corpus. “Fidelity” or adequacy with respect to sexual/sexist images seems striking in view of the fact that certa..n translators bowdlerize the source text or tone down the boldness of its vernacular style. It is suggested that the patriarchal nature of both the Italian and English languages explains why the use of sexist imagery is tolerated (or perhaps even encouraged) in literary texts. The findings of the analysis are then brought to bear on one important question: should the translation scholar aim to bring about “politically correct” changes in translation practice, that is, changes attenuating the offensiveness of the original language? The author advocates a descriptive approach, even though “gender and translation” seems more politicized than other areas of research within Translation Studies. The paper concludes that Translation Studies may benefit from the findings of gender studies, provided scholars in this area do not attempt to change actual translation practice and focus on the hermeneutics of translation. In fact, gender scholars can make an important contribution to Translation Studies by focusing on the ideological nature of the gendered construction of meaning.
Key words:
- Dante,
- translation,
- gender studies,
- sexism,
- imagery
Résumé
Cet article s’intéresse aux stratégies adoptées par les traducteurs anglo-américains en ce qui a trait à l’imagerie sexuelle dans la Comédie de Dante. L’auteur tente d’expliquer pourquoi l’imagerie originale — qui condamne une Église Catholique corrompue — possède des connotations sexistes et pourquoi celles-ci se retrouvent dans la plupart des traductions du corpus. Ce souci de « fidélité » ou de justesse surprend si l’on considère que certains traducteurs expurgent le texte d’origine et/ou atténuent l’impudence de son style vernaculaire. On suggère que la nature patriarcale de l’anglais et de l’italien explique que l’utilisation d’une imagerie sexiste soit tolérée (voire encouragée) dans les textes littéraires. Ces découvertes nous amènent à nous poser une question importante : le traducteur doit-il, dans sa pratique, chercher à rendre le texte « politiquement correct » en atténuant le caractère offensant de la langue d’origine? L’auteur préconise une approche descriptive, bien que la notion de « genre et traduction » semble plus politisée que d’autres dans le domaine de la traductologie. On en conclut que la traductologie peut tirer profit des découvertes réalisées dans le domaine des études sur les rôles masculins et féminins, qui n’essaient pas de modifier la pratique de la traduction mais se concentrent plutôt sur son herméneutique. En effet, les chercheurs dans ce domaine peuvent apporter une contribution importante à la traductologie en se concentrant sur la nature idéologique de la construction de sens sexuée.
Mots-clés:
- Dante,
- traduction,
- études sur les rôles masculins et féminins,
- sexisme,
- imagerie
Parties annexes
References
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