Résumés
Résumé
Comment structurer le soutien d’intensité variable (SIV) pour les personnes qui ont des troubles mentaux graves, mais qui ne requièrent pas de suivi intensif ? Pour répondre à cette question, les auteurs ont effectué une recension des études de langue anglaise publiées entre 1980 et 2010. Ils ont identifié cinq modèles principaux : le modèle de courtage, la gestion de cas clinique, le modèle de réadaptation, le modèle des forces, et la gestion de cas intensive. En tout, 11 études expérimentales et 13 quasi expérimentales pertinentes ont été répertoriées. Selon ces études, le modèle des forces, considéré comme une façon de structurer le soutien d’intensité variable, est le mieux fondé sur des données probantes, non seulement en termes de réduction du nombre d’hospitalisations, mais aussi au niveau des dimensions telles que les symptômes, la qualité de vie et le fonctionnement social. Ce modèle est aussi compatible avec le concept du rétablissement, bien que les preuves demeurent restreintes.
Abstract
How should case management be organized for people who have severe mental illness, but do not need Assertive Community Treatment or similar high-intensity programs? To address this question, the authors conducted a systematic review of studies published in English between 1980 and 2010. Five main case management models were identified: broker, clinical case management, rehabilitation, strengths and intensive case management. In all, 11 experimental and 13 quasi-experimental studies evaluating case management programs not targeted at a typical ACT clientele were identified. These studies suggest that the strengths model, which can be viewed as a way of structuring intensive case management for a moderate-need population, is the best supported by evidence if one desires to see effects not only on hospital days, but also on other domains such as symptoms, quality of life and social functioning. It is also compatible with a recovery orientation. The evidence in its favor, however, remains modest.
Resumen
¿Cómo estructurar el apoyo de intensidad variable (AIV) para las personas que sufren de trastornos mentales graves pero que no requieren de un seguimiento intensivo? Para responder a esta pregunta, los autores efectuaron una recensión de estudios de lengua inglesa publicados entre 1980 y 2010. Identificaron cinco modelos principales: el modelo de corretaje, la gestión de casos clínicos, el modelo de readaptación, el modelo de fuerzas y la gestión de casos intensivos. Catalogaron un total de 11 estudios experimentales y 13 cuasi experimentales pertinentes. Según estos estudios, el modelo de fuerzas, considerado como una forma de estructurar el apoyo de intensidad variable, es el mejor fundado en datos probantes, no sólo en términos de reducción del número de hospitalizaciones sino también a nivel de dimensiones tales como los síntomas, la calidad de vida y el funcionamiento social. Este modelo también es compatible con el concepto de restablecimiento aunque las pruebas son todavía limitadas.
Resumo
Como estruturar o acompanhamento de intensidade variável (AIV) a pessoas que sofrem de transtornos mentais graves, mas que não necessitam de um acompanhamento intensivo? Para responder a esta pergunta, os autores realizaram uma recensão da literatura em língua inglesa publicada entre 1980 e 2011. Eles identificaram cinco modelos principais: o modelo de corretagem, a gestão de caso clínico, o modelo de readaptação, o modelo das forças e a gestão de caso intensivo. Ao todo, foram repertoriados 11 estudos experimentais e 13 quase-experimentais pertinentes. Segundo estes estudos, o modelo das forças, considerado como uma maneira de estruturar o acompanhamento de intensidade variável, é o mais fundamentado sobre os dados probatórios, não apenas em termos de redução do número de hospitalização, mas também ao nível das dimensões tais como os sintomas, a qualidade de vida e o funcionamento social. Este modelo é também compatível com o conceito do restabelecimento, apesar das provas serem restritas.
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Parties annexes
Remerciements
Les auteurs remercient Daniel Gélinas pour de nombreux commentaires pertinents, François Neveu pour ses suggestions utiles ainsi que deux réviseurs anonymes. Nous remercions également les participants à un séminaire de l’Institut Douglas. La production de cet article a été financée par la subvention PHE-85204 du programme Partenariat pour l’amélioration des services de santé des Instituts de recherche en santé du Canada (IRSC). Outre les IRSC, cette subvention inclut un financement complémentaire du Ministère de la Santé et des Services sociaux du Québec, ainsi qu’une contribution ou participation des Agences de Santé et Services sociaux de Montréal-Centre, Montérégie et Mauricie-Centre-du-Québec ; et des Centres de santé et services sociaux Ouest-de-l’Ile, Sud-Ouest-Verdun, Dorval-LaSalle-Lachine, Haut-Richelieu Rouville, Haute-Yamaska et Trois-Rivières, ainsi que de l’Institut en santé mentale universitaire Douglas.
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