Résumés
Résumé
La mindfulness (en français pleine conscience) représente le dénominateur commun qui est à la base des différents courants de pratique de méditation bouddhiste. Par pleine conscience, on entend le fait de porter son attention d’une manière particulière, délibérément, au moment présent et sans jugement de valeur. Au cours de ces dernières années, plusieurs approches thérapeutiques intégrant la pratique de la méditation (Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction ; Dialectical Behavior Therapy ; Mindfulness Based Cognitive Therapy) ont été développées et évaluées. Dans cet article nous examinons les mécanismes pouvant expliquer pourquoi cette pratique peut conduire à une réduction symptomatique et/ou à un changement comportemental dans le cadre de divers troubles émotionnels et plus particulièrement dans le traitement des troubles anxieux.
Abstract
Mindfulness is the fundamental attentional stance underlying all streams of Buddhist meditative practice. It has been described as “paying attention in a particular way: on purpose, in the present moment, and nonjudgmentally.” During the last years, mindfulness practice has been evaluated and introduced into several mental health treatments (Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction; Dialectical Behavior Therapy; Mindfulness Based Cognitive Therapy). In this paper, the author considers the mechanisms that may explain how mindfulness skills can lead to symptom reduction and behavior change in different emotional disorders and in anxiety disorders.
Resumen
La mindfulness (en español consciencia plena) representa el denominador común en la base de las diferentes corrientes de práctica de meditación budista. Por consciencia plena entendemos el hecho de concentrar la atención de una forma particular, deliberada, en el presente y sin juicios de valor. En el curso de los últimos años, se han desarrollado y evaluado varios enfoques terapéuticos que integran la práctica de la meditación (Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction; Dialectical Behavior Therapy; Mindfulness Based Cognitive Therapy). En este artículo examinamos los mecanismos que pueden explicar por qué esta práctica puede conducir a una reducción sintomática y/o a un cambio de comportamiento en el marco de diversos trastornos emocionales y, en particular, en el tratamiento de los trastornos de ansiedad.
Resumo
A “mindfulness” (em português “consciência plena”) representa o denominador comum que é a base de diferentes correntes de prática de meditação budista. Por consciência plena entende-se o fato de levar sua atenção de uma maneira especial, deliberadamente, ao momento presente e sem julgamento de valor. Durante os últimos anos, várias abordagens terapêuticas integrando a prática da meditação (Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction; Dialectical Behavior Therapy; Mindfulness Based Cognitive Therapy) foram desenvolvidas e avaliadas. Neste artigo examinamos os mecanismos que podem explicar porque esta prática pode conduzir a uma redução sintomática e ou a uma mudança comportamental no caso de diversos transtornos emocionais e, mais especificamente, no tratamento de transtornos de ansiedade.
Parties annexes
Références
- Baringa, M., 2003, Studying the well-trained mind, Science, 302, 44-46.
- Baer, R., A., 2003, Mindfulness training as a clinical intervention : A conceptual and emprical review, Clinical Psychology : Science and Practice, 10, 2, 125-143.
- Borkovec, T. D., Ruscio, A. M., 2001, Psychotherapy for generalized anxiety disorder, Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 62, 37-42.
- Kabat-Zinn, J., 1982, An outpatient program in behavioral medicine for chronic pain patients based on the practise of mindfulness meditation, General Hospital Psychiatry, 4, 33-47.
- Kabat-Zinn, J., 1990, Full Catastrophe Living : Using the Wisdom of your Body and Mind to Face Stress, Pain and Illness, Delacorte, New York.
- Kabat-Zinn, J., Massion, M. D., Kristeller, J. L., Peterson, L. G., Fletcher, K. E., Pbert, L., 1992, Effectivness of a meditation-based stress reduction program in the treatment of anxiety disorders, American Journal of Psychiatry, 149, 936-943.
- Kabat-Zinn, J., 1994, Wherever You Go, There You Are : Mindfulness Meditation in Everyday Life, Hyperion, New York.
- Kabat-Zinn, J., 2003, Mindfulness-based interventions in context : Past, present and future, Clinical Psychology : Science and Practice, 10, 2, 144-156.
- Ladouceur, R., Dugas, M. J., Freeston, M. H., Leger, E., Gagnon, F., Thibodeau, N., 2000, Efficacy of a new cognitive-behavioral treatment for generalized anxiety disorder : Evaluation in a controlled clinical trial, Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 68, 957-964.
- Linehan, M., 1993, Cognitive-behavioral Treatment for Treating Borderline Personality Disorders, Guilford Press, New York.
- Marlatt, G. A., Kristeller, J. L., 1999, Mindfulness and meditation, in Miller, W. R. ed., Integrating Spirituality into Treatment, American Psychology Association, Washington, 67-84.
- Miller, J. J., Fletcher, K. E., Kabat-Zinn, J., 1995, Three years follow-up and clinical implications of a mindfulness meditation-based stress reduction intervention in the treatment of anxiety disorders, General Hospital Psychiatry, 17, 192-200.
- Roemer, L., Orsillo, S. M., 2002, Expandig our conceptualization of and treatment for generalized anxiety disorders : Integrating mindfulness/ acceptance-based approaches with existing cognitive behavioral models, Clinical Psychology : Science and Practice, 9, 1, 54-68.
- Segal, Z. V., Williams, J. M. G., Teasdale, J. D., 2002, Mindfulness-based Cognitive Therapy for Depression : A New Approach to Preventing Relapses, Guilford Press, New York.
- Teasdale, J. D., Segal, Z. V., Williams, M. G., 1995, How does cognitive therapy prevent depressive relapse and why should attentional control (mindfulness training) help ?, Behaviour Research and Therapy, 33, 25-39.