Résumés
Résumé
Cet éditorial consiste en une recension des écrits décrivant le développement du mouvement des « meilleures pratiques ». Encore en partie méconnu dans le milieu de la pratique, ce mouvement est suffisamment important pour qu’une recension des écrits lui soit consacrée, d’autant plus que la littérature de langue française à ce sujet est pratiquement inexistante. Après avoir formulé une hypothèse économico-politique explicative à propos de leur émergence, l’article décrit les principaux modèles sous-jacents à leur développement : evidence-based model et expert-consensus model. Il suggère ensuite deux manières de présenter les meilleures pratiques pour faciliter leur utilisation : les lignes directrices et les algorithmes, de même que les interventions propres à favoriser leur dissémination auprès des praticiens et des administrateurs. L’article conclut par une analyse critique de cette approche.
Abstract
This editorial consists in a review of the literature describing the expansion of the movement promoting “Best practices.” Still partly unknown among practitioners, this movement is nevertheless sufficiently important to warrant a literature review, all the more so given the French language literature on the subject is practically inexistant. After formulating an economic and political hypothesis explaining their emergence, the article describes the principal models underlying their development: the evidence-based model as well the expert-consensus model. The author then suggests two ways of presenting best practices in order to facilitate their use: guidelines and algorithms, as well as interventions favoring their expansion with practitioners and administrators. The author concludes with a critical analysis of this approach.
Resumen
Esta editorial consiste en un recuento de los escritos que describen el desarrollo del movimiento de las “mejores prácticas”. Aún en parte desconocido en el medio de la práctica, este movimiento es suficientemente importante para que un recuento de los escritos le sea consagrado; precisamente por eso la literatura de lengua francesa sobre este tema es prácticamente inexistente. Después de formular una hipótesis políticoeconómica explicativa a propósito de su surgimiento, el artículo describe los principales modelos subyacentes a su desarrollo: el tipo de modelo basado en la evidencia (evidence-based model) y el de consenso de expertos (expert-consensus model). Después sugiere dos maneras de presentar las mejores prácticas para facilitar su utilización: las líneas directrices y algoritmos, así como las intervenciones adecuadas a favorecer su diseminación entre los practicantes y administradores. El artículo concluye con un análisis crítico de este enfoque.
Resumo
Este editorial consiste em uma resenha dos textos que descrevem o desenvolvimento do movimento das “melhores práticas”. Ainda pouco conhecido no meio da prática, este movimento é suficientemente importante para que uma resenha dos textos lhe seja consagrada, ainda mais que a literatura de língua francesa a este respeito é quase inexistente. Após ter formulado uma hipótese econômico-político explicativa a respeito de seu aparecimento, o artigo descreve os principais modelos subjacentes a seu desenvolvimento: evidence-based model e expert-consensus model. Em seguida, o artigo sugere duas maneiras de apresentar as melhores práticas para facilitar sua utilização: as linhas diretrizes e os algoritmos, assim como as atuações próprias para favorecer sua disseminação junto aos médicos e administradores. O artigo conclui com uma análise crítica desta abordagem.
Parties annexes
Références
- Anthony, W. A., 2003, Studying Evidence-Based Processes, Not Practices, Psychiatric Services, 54, no 1, 7.
- Block, B. M., Lefkovitz, P. M., 1991, American Association for Partial Hospitalization Standards and Guidelines for Partial Hospitalization, International Journal of Partial Hospitalization, 7, no 1, 3-11.
- Bourgeois, M. L., 2001, La psychiatrie apodictique (Evidence-based mental health) dans les stratégies et dispositifs de soins futurs, Annales médico-psychologiques, 159, 196-200
- Burgers, J. S., Grol, R. P., Zaat, J. O., Spies, T. H., van der Bij, A. K., Mokkink, H. G., 2003, Characteristics of effective clinical guidelines for general practice, British Journal of General Practice, 53, 15-19.
- Coleman, P., Nicholl, J., 2001, Influence of evidence-based guidance on health policy and clinical practice in England, Quality Health Care, 10, no 4, 229-237.
- Comité de la santé mentale du Québec, 1997, Défis de la reconfiguration des services de santé mentale, MSSS, Québec
- Cranney, M., Warren, E., Barton, S., Gardner, K., Walley, T., 2001, Why do GPs not implement evidence-based guidelines ? A descriptive study, Family Practioner, 18, no 4, 359-363.
- Drake, R. E., 2001, Evidence Based Practices : Challenges and Opportunities, www.omh.state.ny.us/omhweb/aboutomh/Videos.html.
- Driever, M. J., 2002, Are evidenced-based practice and best practice the same ?, Western Journal of Nursing Research, 24, 591-7.
- Evidence-Based Medicine Working Group, 1992, Evidence-Based Medicine. A New Approach to Teaching the Practice of Medicine, JAMA, 268, no 17, 2120-2125.
- Frances, A., Kahn, D. A., Carpenter, C. Ross, R., Docherty, J. P., 1996, The expert consensus practice guideline project : a new method of establishing best practice. J. Pract. Psychiatry Beha. Health, vol. 5, 295-306.
- Glazer, W. M., 1998, Defining Best Practices : A Prescription for Greater Autonomy, Psychiatric Services, 49, no 8, 1013-1016.
- Glazer, W. M., 1994, What Are « Best Practices ? » Understanding the Concept, Hospital and Community Psychiatry, 45, no 11, 1067-1068.
- Goldner, E. M., Abbass, A., Leverette, J. S., Haslam, D. R., 2000, Les répercussions de la pratique de la médecine fondée sur des données probantes sur l’éducation et le développement professionnel continu en psychiatrie, La Revue canadienne de psychiatrie, 46, no. 5, encart.
- Gouvernement du Québec, 1998, Le Plan d’action pour la transformation des services de santé mentale, MSSS, Québec.
- Green, L. W., 2001, From Research to « Best Practices » in Other Settings and Populations, American Journal of Health Behavior, 25, no 3, 165-178.
- IAPSRS, 1997, http://www.iapsrs.org/
- Kahn, D. A., Docherty, J. P., Carpenter, D., Frances, A., 1997, Consensus methods in Practice Guideline Development : A Review and Description of a New Method, Psychopharmacology Bulletin, 33, no 4, 631-639.
- Kerridge, I., Lowe, M., Henry, D., 1998, Ethics and evidence based medicine, British Medical Journal, 316, 1151-1153.
- Kingston, M., 2001, A guide to benchmarking and best practice terminology, http://www.network13.org/Newsletters/Vision/nw13_V5_1999.pdf
- Koutsavlis, A. T., 2001, Dissémination des guides de pratiques chez les médecins (http://www.inspq.qc.ca/publications/default.asp?Titre=&Auteur=koutsavlis&E=p&submit=Soumettre+la+requ%Eate)
- Lecomte, Y., 2001, La reconnaissance : construction théorique d’un enjeu social, Revue canadienne de santé mentale communautaire, 19, no 2, 138-147.
- Lefebvre, Y., 1987, Jalons pour une problématique québécoise de la désinstitutionnalisation, » Santé mentale au Québec, XII, no 1, 5-13.
- Lesage, A. D., Stip, E., Grunberg, F., 2001, « What’s up, doc ? » Le contexte, les limites et les enjeux de la médecine fondée sur des données probantes pour les cliniciens (Evidence-Based Medicine), Revue canadienne de psychiatrie, 46, 396-402.
- Talbott, J., 1990, Developing Practice Parameters : An Interview with John McIntyre, Hospital and Community Psychiatry, 41, no 10, 1103-1105.
- Rush, A. J., 2000, Updates from the Texas Medication Algorithm Project, www.omh.state.ny.us/omhweb/aboutomh/Videos.html.
- Sackett, D. L., Rosenberg, W. M. C., Muir Gray, J. A., Haynes, R. B., Scott Richardson, W., 1996, Evidence-Based Medicine : What it is and what it isn’t, British Medical Journal, 312, 71-72.
- Stip, E., 2003, Psychopharmacologie des psychoses. La molécule entre deux chaises, L’Information psychiatrique, 79, no 1, 31-42.
- Vos, R., Houtepen, R., Horstman, K., 2003, Evidence-Based Medicine and Power Shifts in Health Care Systems, Health Care Analysis, 10, 31-328.
- Williams, D. D., Garner, J., 2002, The case against « the evidence » : a different perspective on evidence-based medicine, British Journal of Psychiatry, 180, 8-12.
- Zarin, D. A., Seigle, L., Pincus, H. A., McIntyre, J. S., 1997, Evidence-Based Practice Guidelines, Psychopharmacology Bulletin, 33, no 4, 641-646.