Résumés
Abstract
Artificial Intelligence (AI) designers try to mimic human brain capabilities with “self-learning” neural networks trained by selection processes. Yet decades on, AI still fails the Turing Test. While computers use codes and develop algorithms apart from contexts, living cells use signs and develop semiotic habits within contexts. This difference, I argue, is partly due to the collective activities of biological neurons that produce traveling waves, which, in turn, further constrain neural activity. It appears wave patterns function as contexts shaping the content of the local connections. At the time of his death, Alan Turing was investigating the organizing role of emergent wave patterns on biological development. Had he lived to continue this work, he might have reoriented AI research, which instead has become merely a tool for stereotyping and regularizing, not thinking.
Keywords:
- Semiotics Habits,
- Emergence of Semiosis,
- Alan Turing,
- Biological Computation,
- Poiesis
Résumé
Les concepteurs d’intelligence artificielle (IA) tentent d’imiter les aptitudes des cerveaux humains au moyen de réseaux neuronaux qui apprennent par eux-mêmes grâce à des processus de sélection. Mais même après des décennies d’efforts, l’IA n’en continue pas moins d’échouer le test de Turing. Alors que des ordinateurs utilisent des codes et développent des algorithmes hors contexte, les cellules vivantes utilisent des signes et auto-organisent des habitudes sémiotiques de manière contextualisée. Je soutiens que cette différence s’explique, en partie, par les activités collectives des neurones biologiques qui produisent des ondes, lesquelles contraignent l’activité neuronale. Il appert que les motifs ondulatoires fonctionnent comme des contextes, et qu’ils informent le contenu des connexions locales. Au moment de sa mort, Alan Turing l’inventeur original de l’IA, s’intéressait au rôle organisateur des motifs ondulatoires sur le développement biologique. S’il avait vécu et poursuivi ses travaux, il aurait peut-être réorienté la recherche sur l’IA, laquelle est devenue un outil servant simplement la régularisation et la création de stéréotypes, et non un outil de pensée.
Mots-clés :
- Habitudes sémiotiques,
- émergence de la sémiose,
- Alan Turing,
- calcul biologique,
- poièsis
Parties annexes
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