Résumés
Abstract
The study of how sounds in language are used to create words and other linguistic structures that are imitative of some sound property of their referents comes generally under the rubric of sound symbolism theory. While it has been dismissed by various approaches to language, the empirical and anecdotal support for sound symbolism is now too massive to ignore. From the database of evidence it now makes available, various hypotheses can be formulated about originating elements in word formation and, by extension, in seemingly diverse linguistic systems. One of these is the phoneme which bears suggestive meaning in itself as a primary originating element. It is thus a “modeling device” that leads, by extension, to the derivation of larger structures of meaning. Using an adapted version of modeling systems theory as developed by the Tartu School of semiotics, this paper argues that the phoneme is in fact more than a cue for distinguishing words – rather it is an elemental modeling device. This view potentially has some basic implications not only for sound symbolism theory, but also for the study of semiosis itself.
Keywords:
- Phoneme Theory,
- Modeling,
- Iconicity,
- Sound Symbolism
Résumé
L’usage des sons par le langage afin de créer des mots et d'autres structures linguistiques qui miment certaines propriétés de leur référent est habituellement confiné à la théorie symbolique du son. Souvent rejeté par les différentes écoles de linguistique, ce rapport de ressemblance bénéficie pourtant d’un si grand nombre de témoignages empiriques et anecdotiques qu’il est impossible de l’ignorer. Il s’en suit qu’un grand nombre d’hypothèses peuvent être formulées pour expliquer la source de ce mimétisme dans la formation des mots et des autres unités linguistiques. Parmi ces unités se trouve le phonème qui, à titre d’unité minimale, peut à lui seul suggérer du sens. Il s’agit d’une « unité modélisante » qui, par extension, conduit à une structuration plus vaste du sens dès lors qu’elle se trouve concaténée au sein d’un mot. En nous inspirant de la notion de « système modélisant » élaborée par les membres de l’École sémiotique de Tartu, nous développons l’hypothèque que le phonème est plus qu’un trait différentiel – c’est une unité modélisante. Cette conception, croyons-nous, a des retombées importantes non seulement pour l’étude symbolique du son, mais également pour celle de la sémiosis en général.
Mots-clés :
- Théorie des phonèmes,
- modélisation,
- iconicité,
- symbolisme sonore
Parties annexes
Bibliography
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