Résumés
Abstract
Arsenic pollution is one of the global issues which affect the drinking water supply in Burkina Faso, mainly in rural areas. To mitigate this water pollution, ferromagnetic activated carbon (FAC) has been prepared by chemical activation using rice husk and iron chloride solution to be used as an adsorbent of arsenic. Characterization with some analytical techniques revealed this carbon is microporous with a specific surface area of 150 m2∙g-1 and ferromagnetic properties. This work aims to evaluate the equilibrium conditions of As(V) removal and the adsorption capacity of FAC. Batch experiments were undertaken to evaluate the performance of FAC for arsenic removal under various operating conditions and the mechanism of the removal process. Results showed an increase of the removal percentage with the increase of the contact time, indicating a saturation during 60 min. The removal of As(V) is influenced by the increase of the initial arsenic concentration causing an increase of the adsorption capacity of FAC. The increase of pH showed a variation of the removal percentage indicating a maximum removal at pH 7 which corresponds to an adsorption capacity of 153 µg∙g-1. Both monolayer adsorption and ion exchange constitute the mechanism of removal of As(V) using FAC. The kinetics of the process is described by a pseudo-second order model.
Key words:
- arsenic removal,
- chemical activation,
- ferromagnetic activated carbon,
- water
Résumé
La pollution des eaux par l’arsenic est un des problèmes globaux qui entravent l’approvisionnement en eau potable au Burkina Faso, principalement en milieu rural. Pour pallier cette pollution, du charbon actif ferromagnétique a été préparé par activation chimique à partir de balles de riz et de chlorure de fer hexahydraté pour être utilisé comme adsorbant dans le traitement de l’arsenic. La caractérisation de ce charbon par des techniques analytiques a révélé un charbon microporeux avec une surface spécifique de 150 m2∙g-1 et une propriété ferromagnétique. Ce travail a pour but d’évaluer les conditions d’équilibre de l’élimination de l’As(V) et la capacité d’adsorption du charbon actif. Des expériences en mode batch ont été réalisées pour évaluer la performance de ce charbon dans l’élimination de l’arsenic sous différentes conditions ainsi que pour étudier la cinétique du processus. Les résultats ont montré une augmentation de l’élimination de l’As(V) avec le temps de contact et la saturation du charbon a été obtenue au bout de 60 min de contact. L’augmentation de la concentration initiale en As(V) a entrainé une augmentation de la capacité d’adsorption qui est passé de 0,12 à 3,66 µg∙g-1. L’augmentation du pH entre 3 et 11 a révélé une variation du taux d’élimination de l’As(V) avec un maximum à pH = 7 correspondant à une capacité d’adsorption de 153 µg∙g-1. L’adsorption en monocouche, suivie d’un échange anionique, constitue le mécanisme de l’élimination de l’As(V) par le charbon. La cinétique du processus est de pseudo-second ordre.
Mots-clés:
- élimination d’arsenic,
- activation chimique,
- charbon actif ferromagnétique,
- eau
Parties annexes
References
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