Résumés
Abstract
The aim of this work is to evaluate the degree of degradation phenolic compounds in olive mill wastewater (OMW), using crude plant peroxidases. In fact, OMW was treated with crude peroxidases extracted from radish (Raphanus sativus L.) and nettle (Urtica urens L.) leaves. A significant reduction of more than 60% of total phenols was observed in OMW incubated with peroxidase crude extract during seven days. The present chromatographic data obtained by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) show that enzymatic treatment may change the composition of the polyphenols contained in the OMW. Thus, we observed a significant decrease in some phenolic acid levels, such as gallic acid, p-coumaric acid and hydroxytyrosol, and the disappearance of vanillic acid, compared to the non-treated OMW. Finally, phytotoxicity of the treated and non-treated OMW was tested by means of young sunflower plants (Helianthus annuus) grown in hydroponic medium. Our results showed that sunflower plants grow normally when the nutrient medium contains treated OMW; whereas they fade rapidly in the presence of non-treated OMW. We conclude that treatment of OMW with radish and nettle crude extracts could attenuate OMW phytotoxicity considerably.
Key words:
- olive mill wastewater,
- phenols,
- plant peroxidases,
- nettle,
- radish
Résumé
Le but de ce travail est d'évaluer le degré de dégradation des composés phénoliques contenus dans les margines en utilisant des peroxydases végétales brutes. En fait, la margine a été traitée avec des peroxydases brutes extraites de feuilles de radis (Raphanus sativus L.) et d'ortie (Urtica urens L.). Une réduction significative de plus de 60 % des phénols totaux a été observée dans la margine incubée avec un extrait brut de peroxydase pendant sept jours. D'autre part, le profil chromatographique obtenu par chromatographie liquide à haute performance (HPLC) a montré que le traitement enzymatique est capable de changer la composition des polyphénols contenus dans la margine. Ainsi, nous avons observé une diminution significative de certains niveaux d'acides phénoliques, tels que l'acide gallique, l'acide p-coumarique et l'hydroxytyrosol, et la disparition de l'acide vanillique, en comparant à la margine non traitée. Enfin, la phytotoxicité des margines traitées et non traitées a été testée à l'aide de jeunes plants de tournesol (Helianthus annuus) cultivés en milieu hydroponique. Nos résultats montrent que les plantes de tournesol poussent normalement lorsque le milieu nutritif contient des margines traitées, alors qu'elles se fanent rapidement en présence des margines non traitées. Ainsi, il semble que le traitement de margine avec des extraits bruts de radis et d'ortie pourrait considérablement atténuer leur phytotoxicité.
Mots-clés:
- margines,
- phénols,
- peroxydases végétales,
- ortie,
- radis
Parties annexes
References
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