Résumés
Résumé
Quels mécanismes soutiennent les effets bénéfiques d’une psychothérapie? Les développements conceptuels et empiriques récents des thérapies basées sur la mentalisation dégagent des facteurs spécifiques et communs aux effets thérapeutiques en y intégrant la notion de confiance épistémique essentielle à la généralisation de l’effet bénéfique. Cette forme de confiance engendre l’ouverture à apprendre de notre expérience. Ces développements conceptuels entraînent de profondes modifications quant à la manière d’appréhender les mécanismes sous-jacents à l’amélioration thérapeutique. Dans l’article, nous proposons trois systèmes de communications susceptibles de générer l’effet bénéfique de la psychothérapie. Leur présentation forme le coeur du présent article.
Mots-clés :
- mentalisation,
- confiance épistémique,
- effet psychothérapeutique
Abstract
Which mechanisms underlie a positive outcome in psychotherapy? Recent conceptual and empirical developments of the mentalization-based therapy emphasize the specific and common factors that contribute to the therapeutic outcome, integrating the concept of epistemic trust as critical to the generalization of therapeutic effects. Epistemic trust rekindles one’s capacity to learn from experience, by opening one’s mind to other minds. These conceptual developments bear consequences in the way to apprehend the mechanisms underlying therapeutic benefits. In the current article, we propose to delineate the three systems of therapeutic communication, which may foster positive outcomes in psychotherapy.
Keywords:
- mentalization,
- epistemic trust,
- psychotherapy outcome
Veuillez télécharger l’article en PDF pour le lire.
Télécharger
Parties annexes
Bibliographie
- Abbass, A. A., Rabung, S., Leichsenring, F., Refseth, J. S., & Midgley, N. (2013). Psychodynamic psychotherapy for children and adolescents: a meta-analysis of short-term psychodynamic models. Journal of the American Academy Childand Adolescent Psychiatry, 52, 863-875. doi: 10.1016/j.jaac.2013.05.014.
- Allen, J. G., & Fonagy, P. (2006). Handbook of mentalization-based treatment. West Sussex : John Wiley & Sons.
- Allen, J. G., Fonagy, P., & Bateman, A. W. (2008). Mentalizing in clinical practice. Washington, D.C. : American Psychiatric Publishing.
- Bateman, A., & Fonagy, P. (1999). Effectiveness of partial hospitalization in the treatment of borderline personality disorder : a randomized controlled trial. TheAmerican Journal of Psychiatry, 156(10), 1563-1569.
- Bateman, A., & Fonagy, P. (2001). Treatment of borderline personality disorder with psychoanalytically oriented partial hospitalization : an 18-month follow-up. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 158(1), 36-42.
- Bateman, A., & Fonagy, P. (2004). Psychotherapy for borderline personality disorder : mentalisation based treatment. Oxford : Oxford University Press.
- Bateman, A., & Fonagy, P. (2006). Mentalization-based treatment for borderline personality disorder : A practical guide. Oxford : Oxford University Press.
- Bateman, A., & Fonagy, P. (2008). 8-year follow-up of patients treated for borderline personality disorder : mentalization-based treatment versus treatment as usual. TheAmerican Journal of Psychiatry, 165(5), 631-638. doi :10.1176/appi.ajp.2007.07040636
- Bateman, A. & Fonagy, P. (2012). Handbook of mentalizing in mental health practice. Arlington, VA : American Psychiatric Publishing.
- Bateman, A. W., & Fonagy, P. (2012). Handbook of mentalizing in mental health practice. Arlington, VA : American Psychiatric Publishing.
- Bateman, A. W., & Fonagy, P. (2015). Mentalisation et trouble de la personnalité limite. Louvain-la-Neuve : De Boeck.
- Bion, W. R. (1962). Learning from experience. Lanham, MD : Rowman & Littlefield.
- Bowlby, J. (1973). Attachment and loss, Vol.2: Separation: anxiety and anger. London : Hogarth Press and Institute of Psycho-Analysis.
- Csibra, G., & Gergely, G. (2009). Natural pedagogy. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 13(4), 148-153. doi :10.1016/j.tics.2009.01.005
- Debbané, M. (2016). Mentaliser : De la théorie à la pratique clinique. Louvain-la-Neuve : De Boeck Supérieur.
- Falkenström, F., Granström, F., & Holmqvist, R. (2013). Therapeutic alliance predicts symptomatic improvement session by session. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 60(3), 317-328. doi :10.1037/a0032258
- Fonagy, P., & Allison, E. (2014). The role of mentalizing and epistemic trust in the therapeutic relationship. Psychotherapy, 51(3), 372-380. doi :10.1037/a0036505
- Fonagy, P., Gergely, G., Jurist, E., & Target, M. (2002). Affect regulation, mentalization, and the development of the self. New York, NY : Other Press.
- Fonagy, P., & Luyten, P. (2009). A developmental, mentalization-based approach to the understanding and treatment of borderline personality disorder. Development and Psychopathology, 21(4), 1355-1381.
- Fonagy, P., Luyten, P., & Allison, E. (2015). Epistemic petrification and the restoration of epistemic trust : a new conceptualization of borderline personality disorder and its psychosocial treatment. Journal of Personality Disorders, 29(5), 575-609. doi :10.1521/pedi.2015.29.5.575
- Gergely, G., & Watson, J. S. (1996). The social biofeedback theory of parental affect-mirroring : The development of emotional self-awareness and self-control in infancy. International Journal of Psychoanalysis, 77, 1181-1212.
- Lambert, M. J. (2013). Outcome in psychotherapy : the past and important advances. Psychotherapy, 50(1), 42-51. doi :10.1037/a0030682
- Lambert, M. J., & Barley, D. E. (2001). Research summary on the therapeutic relationship and psychotherapy outcome. Psychotherapy, 38(4), 357-361. doi :Doi 10.1037//0033-3204.38.4.357
- Lecours, S., & Bouchard, M. A. (1997). Dimensions of mentalisation : Outlining levels of psychic transformation. International Journal of Psycho-Analysis, 78, 855-875.
- Luyten, P. (2014). A new take on the treatment of Borderline personality disorder : Are we witnessing the end or merely the beginning of the great psychotherapy debate? Papier présenté au 3eInternational Congress on Borderline Personality Disorder and Allied Disorders, Rome, Italie.
- Luyten, P., & Fonagy, P. (2015). The neurobiology of mentalizing. Personality Disorders : Theory, Research and Treatment, 6(4), 366-379. doi :10.1037/per0000117
- Marty, P. (1991). Mentalisation et psychosomatique. Paris : Synthélabo.
- Sperber, D., Clément, F., Heintz, C., Mascaro, O., Mercier, H., Origgi, G., et al. (2010). Epistemic vigilance. Mind & Language, 25(4), 359-393.
- Wilson, D., & Sperber, D. (2012). Meaning and relevance. Cambridge : Cambridge University Press.