Résumés
Résumé
Les insectes sont présents dans la mythologie, les rituels et l’art des sociétés de la côte Nord-Ouest, cependant, à la différence des autres animaux qui sont au centre de leur cosmologie, les travaux les concernant sont quasi inexistants. En se fondant principalement sur la mythologie des principaux groupes de cette région, l’auteure montre que les moustiques nés des cendres de monstres calcinés partagent avec ceux-ci les mêmes dispositions et sont, à leur échelle, des maillons nécessaires à la perpétuation de la vie, celle-ci étant indissociablement liée à la mort, car il faut mourir pour renaître. Les esprits moustiques sont des esprits auxiliaires des chamanes tlingits, et quant aux esprits guêpes, ils sont censés rendre les guerriers invulnérables et agressifs.
Mots-clés :
- Côte-Nord-Ouest,
- kwakwa’ka’wakw,
- moustique,
- mythologie,
- monstre cannibale
Abstract
Insects are present in mythology, rituals and the art of the Northwest Coast societies, however, unlike other animals that are at the center of their cosmology, little is known about them in the ethnographic literature. Mainly based on the mythology of the main ethnic groups in this region, we can show that mosquitoes born from the ashes of charred monsters share with them the same qualities: they are, at their level, the necessary links to the perpetuation of life, which is inseparably tied to death, because one must die to be reborn. Mosquito spirits are helping spirits of Tlingit shamans, and wasp spirits are supposed to make warriors invulnerable and aggressive.
Keywords:
- Northwest Coast,
- Kwakwaka’wakw,
- mosquito,
- mythology,
- cannibal monsters
Resumen
Los insectos están presentes en la mitología, en los rituales y en el arte de las sociedades de la Costa Noroeste, sin embargo, a diferencia de otros animales que están en el centro de su cosmología, los trabajos con respectos a ello son casi inexistentes. Basándose principalmente en la mitología de los principales grupos de esta región, la autora muestra que los mosquitos nacidos de las cenizas de los monstruos calcinados comparten las mismas disposiciones y son, a su escala, eslabones necesarios para la perpetuación de la vida, que está indisolublemente ligada a la muerte, porque es necesario morir para renacer. Los espíritus mosquitos son espíritus auxiliares de los chamanes Tlingit, y en cuanto a los espíritus de las avispas, se supone que hacen a los guerreros invulnerables y agresivos.
Palabras clave:
- Costa noroeste,
- Kwakwaka’wakw,
- mosquito,
- mitología,
- monstruo caníbal
Parties annexes
Archives
- SHIA (Sealaska Heritage Institute Archives), 2013 : Indigenous–State relations in Alaska and Beyond Tlingit Oral Histories, 2009-2011. MS/019. Introduction Box 1, Folder 5 (Unprocessed Clarence Jackson’s Tlingit Conversations with Cyril George, Sept 5, 2006). Transcriptions and Translations by Fred White, April 17, 2013. Juneau.
- SHIA (Sealaska Heritage Institute Archives), 2007 : Narratives & Conversations in Tlingit Recordings Collection, 1972-2010. MC/055 Box 1, Folder 7 Sealaska Heritage Institute Archives. David Katzeek, Anna Katzeek, Clarence Jackson, July 24, 2007. Transcribed by David Katzeek and Keri Edwards. Translated by David Katzeek. Sealaska Heritage Institute Archives, Juneau.
- SHIA (Sealaska Heritage Institute Archives), 2015 : Sealaska Heritage Institute Operational Recordings, 1982-present. « Council of Traditional Scholars Meeting, June 23, 2015. AK with Rosita Worl, Chuck Smythe, David Katzeek, Ken Grant, Paul Marks George Davis, Joe Zuboff, Marie Mauzé, Paul Marks II. Transcription and Translation by David Russell-Jensen. Sealaska Heritage Institute, Juneau.
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