Résumés
Résumé
Plusieurs adolescents, particulièrement les filles, présentent un problème lié à l’anxiété d’évaluation. Les études montrent que l’anxiété d’évaluation a des conséquences négatives aux plans scolaire et psychologique, à court et à long terme. Cette étude vise à examiner de façon longitudinale si l’anxiété d’évaluation affecte négativement le fonctionnement scolaire (engagement scolaire, compétence scolaire perçue et rendement scolaire) et le fonctionnement psychologique (symptômes dépressifs et estime de soi) des jeunes, en contrôlant pour différentes variables au premier temps de mesure, soit les facteurs sociodémographiques, l’adversité familiale, les symptômes d’anxiété sociale et les symptômes d’anxiété généralisée. L’étude a été réalisée auprès de 10 918 adolescents provenant de 71 écoles secondaires au Québec. Les résultats des analyses de régression montrent que l’anxiété d’évaluation est associée à des difficultés scolaires et psychologiques au deuxième temps de mesure avant l’ajout des variables de contrôle. Elle demeure prédictive de la compétence scolaire perçue, d’une plus faible estime de soi et de symptômes dépressifs après l’ajout des variables de contrôle. La discussion porte sur les implications théoriques et cliniques de l’anxiété d’évaluation.
Mots-clés :
- Anxiété d’évaluation,
- fonctionnement scolaire,
- adolescents,
- longitudinale
Abstract
Many adolescents, especially girls, present a problem related to test anxiety. Some studies have shown that test anxiety leads to negative academic and psychological consequences, whether short or long term. The purpose of the present study is to longitudinally examine whether test anxiety affects negatively the academic functioning (academic commitment, perceived academic competence and academic performance) as well as the psychological functioning (depressive symptoms and self esteem) of youths, by controlling different variables in a first measurement, namely sociodemographic factors, family adversity, social anxiety symptoms and generalized anxiety symptoms. The study involved 10 918 adolescents, based on a sample obtained from 71 high schools in Quebec. The results of the regression analysis demonstrate that test anxiety is associated with academic and psychological difficulties in the second measurement, before adding control variables. It remains predictive of the perceived academic competence, weaker self esteem and depressive symptoms after adding control variables. The discussion is focused on the theoretical and clinical implications of test anxiety.
Keywords:
- test anxiety,
- academic functioning,
- adolescents,
- longitudinal study
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