Résumés
Abstract
What distinguishes the philosophies of education advanced by pragmatists? Does pragmatism have something distinctive to offer contemporary philosophy of education? This paper applies these questions, which Randall Curren asks in “Pragmatist Philosophy of Education” (2009), to a more specific current debate in philosophy of education: the debate over educating for critical thinking, and/or for intellectual virtues. Which, if either, should be given priority in higher education, and why? This paper develops a Deweyan approach to these questions, inviting character content but also offering specific ways for educators and institutions to stay alert to the pedagogical and indoctrination concerns with character education initiatives, including those for intellectual virtues specifically.
Parties annexes
Bibliography
- Axtell, G. (2021). Cultivating doxastic responsibility: Ameliorative epistemological projects and the ethics of knowledge. Humana.Mente, 14(39), 87–125. https://www.humanamente.eu/index.php/HM/article/view/356
- Axtell, G. (2023). Partiality traps and the need for risk-aware ethics and epistemology. In E. Silverman (Ed.), Virtuous and vicious expressions of partiality (pp. 133–163). Bloomsbury. DOI: 10.4324/9781003393443-11
- Battaly, H. (2023). Intellectual character education: Some lessons from vice epistemology. In R. Curren (Ed.), Handbook of philosophy of education. Routledge.
- Baehr, J. (2020). Intellectual virtues, critical thinking, and the aims of education. In P. Graham, M. Fricker, D. Henderson, N. Pedersen, & J. Wyatt (Eds.), The Routledge handbook of social epistemology (pp. 447–456). Routledge.
- Baehr, J. (2021). Deep in thought: A practical guide to teaching for intellectual virtues. Harvard Education Press.
- Baehr, J. (2023). Educating for good thinking: Virtues, skills, or both? Informal Logic, 43(2), 173–203.
- Boyles, D. (2008). Would you like values with that? Chick-fil-A and character education. In D. Boyles (Ed.), The corporate assault on youth: Commercialism, exploitation, and the end of innocence. Peter Lang
- Carr D. (2023). The hazards of role modelling for the education of moral and/or virtuous character. Philosophical Inquiry in Education, 30(1), 68–79.
- Carter, J. A. Kelp, C. & Simion, M. (2020). A virtue epistemology of trust. https://www.cogito-glasgow.com/copy-of-knowledge-language.
- Croce, M., & Pritchard, D. (2023). Education as the social cultivation of intellectual virtue. In M. Alfano, C. Klein & J. de Ridder (Eds.), Social virtue epistemology (pp. 583–601). Routledge.
- Curren, R. (2009). Pragmatist philosophy of education. In H. Siegel (Ed.), The Oxford handbook of philosophy of education (pp. 489–507). Oxford University Press.
- Curren, R. (2019). Virtue epistemology and education. In H. Battaly (Ed.), The Routledge handbook of virtue epistemology (pp. 470–482). Routledge.
- Deen, P. (2012). Inquiry and virtue: A pragmatist-liberal argument for civic education. Journal of Social Philosophy, 43, 406–425. https://doi.org/10.1111/josp.12001
- Dewey, J. (1891/2008). Moral theory and practice. In J. A. Boydston (Ed.), John Dewey: The early works, 1882–1898. Volume 3, 1889–1892. Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press.
- Dewey, J. (1893/2008). Teaching ethics in the high school. In J. A. Boydston (Ed.), John Dewey: The early works, 1882–1898. Volume 4, 1893–1894. Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press.
- Dewey, J. (1908/2008) The virtues. In J. A. Boydston (Ed.), John Dewey: The middle works, 1899–1924. Volume 5, 1908. Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press.
- Dewey, J. (1909/2008). Moral Principles in Education. In J. A. Boydston (Ed.), John Dewey: The middle works, 1899–1924. Volume 4, 1907–1909. Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press.
- Dewey, J. (1910/2008). How we think. In J. A. Boydston (Ed.), John Dewey: The middle works, 1899–1924. Volume 6, 1910–1911. Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press.
- Dewey, J. (1916/2008). Democracy and education. In J. A. Boydston (Ed.), John Dewey: The middle works, 1899–1924. Volume 9, 1916. Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press.
- Dewey, J. (1918–1919/2008). Essays on China, Japan, and the war. In J. A. Boydston (Ed.), John Dewey: The middle works, 1899–1924. Volume 11, 1918–1919. Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press.
- Dewey, J. (1924/2008). Human nature and conduct. In J. A. Boydston (Ed.), John Dewey: The middle works, 1899–1924. Volume 14, 1922. Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press.
- Dewey, J. (1925–1927/2008). Essays, reviews, miscellany, and The public and its problems. In J. A. Boydston (Ed.), John Dewey: The later works, 1925–1953. Volume 2, 1925–1927. Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press.
- Dewey, J. (1930/2008). Three independent factors in morals. In J. A. Boydston (Ed.), John Dewey: The later works, 1925–1953. Volume 5, 1929–1930. Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press.
- Dewey, J. (1932/2008). Ethics, rev. ed. (J. Dewey & J. Tufts). In J. A. Boydston (Ed.), John Dewey: The later works, 1925–1953. Volume 7, 1932. Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press.
- Dewey, J. (1933/2008). Essays and How we think. In J. A. Boydston (Ed.), John Dewey: The later works, 1925–1953. Volume 8, 1933. Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press.
- Dewey, J. (1938/2008). Experience and Education. In J. A. Boydston (Ed.), John Dewey: The later works, 1925–1953. Volume 13, 1938–1939. Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press.
- Dewey, J. (1939/2008). Theory of valuation. In J. A. Boydston (Ed.), John Dewey: The later works, 1925–1953. Volume 13, 1938–1939. Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press.
- Dewey, J. (2012). Unmodern philosophy and modern philosophy. P. Deen (Ed.), with a foreword by L. Hickman. Southern Illinois University Press.
- Dormandy, K. (2021). True faith: Against doxastic partiality about faith. Australasian Philosophical Review, 5(1), 4–28.
- Ferkany, M., McKeon, M., and Godden, D. (2023). Intellectual virtue in critical thinking and its instruction: Introduction to a symposium. Informal Logic, 43(2): 167–172. https://10.22329/il.v43i2.8012
- Fesmire, S. (2024). Beyond moral fundamentalism: Toward a pragmatic pluralism. Oxford University Press.
- Forstenzer, J. (2017). Deweyan democracy, Robert Talisse, and the fact of reasonable pluralism: A Rawlsian response. Transactions of the Charles S. Peirce Society, 53(4), 553–578.
- Garrison, J. (2002). Summing up our differences: A reply to Siegel. Journal of Philosophy of Education, 36(2), 229–232.
- Gardner, P. (2023). Faithfulness and doxastic partiality. In E. Silverman (Ed.), Virtuous and vicious expressions of partiality (pp. 226–243). Routledge.
- Graham, J., Waytz, A., Meindl, P., Iyer, R., & Young, L. (2017). Centripetal and centrifugal forces in the moral circle: Competing constraints on moral learning. Cognition, 167, 58–65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2016.12.001
- Haji, I., & Cuypers, S. (2011). Ultimate educational aims, overridingness, and personal well-being. Studies in Philosophy and Education, 30(6), 543–556.
- Haslanger, S. (2020). Going on, not in the same way. In A. Burgess, H. Cappelen, and D. Plunkett (Eds.), Conceptual engineering and conceptual ethics. Oxford University Press. DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780198801856.003.0012
- Harðarson, A. (2012). Why the aims of education can’t be settled. Journal of Philosophy of Education, 46(2), 223–234. DOI:10.1111/j.1467-9752.2012.00847.x
- Hildreth, R. W. (2011). What good is growth? Reconsidering Dewey on the ends of education. Education & Culture 27(2), 28–47.
- Kidd, I. (2022). From vice epistemology to critical character epistemology. In M. Alfano, C. Klein & J. de Ridder (Eds.), Social virtue epistemology (pp. 84–102). Routledge.
- Kotzee, B., Carter, J. A., & Siegel, H. (2021). Educating for intellectual virtue: A critique from action guidance. Episteme, 18(2), 177–199.
- Kristjánsson, K. (2013). Ten myths about character, virtue and virtue education – plus three well-founded misgivings. British Journal of Educational Studies, 61(3), 269–287. DOI: 10.1080/00071005.2013.778386
- Macagno, F., & Walton, D. (2008a). The argumentative structure of persuasive definitions. Ethical Theory & Moral Practice, 11(5), 525–549.
- Macagno, F., & Walton, D. (2008b). Persuasive definitions: Values, meanings and implicit disagreements. Informal Logic, 28(3), 203–228.
- Mason, C. (2023). Epistemic partialism. Philosophy Compass, 18(2), 12896. https://doi.org/10.1111/phc3.12896
- Mays, C. D. (2019). Experienced, but not educated: How Dewey should still contribute to educational philosophy. In C. L. Lowery & P. M. Jenlink (Eds.), The handbook of Dewey’s educational theory and practice (pp. 303–313). Brill.
- McKeon, M., and Ferkany, M. (2023). Action guidance and educating for intellectual virtue: A response to Kotzee, Carter, and Siegel. Episteme: 1–21. https://doi.org/10.1017/epi.2023.26
- McPherson, T., & Plunkett, D. (2020). Conceptual ethics and the methodology of normative inquiry. In A. Burgess, H. Cappelen, and D. Plunkett (Eds.) Conceptual engineering and conceptual ethics. Oxford University Press. DOI: 10.1093/oso/9780198801856.003.0014
- Merrick, T. (2020). Non-deference to religious authority: Epistemic arrogance or justice? In M. Panchuk, & M. Rea (Eds.), Voices from the edge: Centering marginalized perspectives in analytic theology. Oxford Academic.
- Miller, C. and Knobel, A. (2015). Some foundational questions in philosophy about character. In C. Miller et al. (Eds.), Character: New directions from philosophy, psychology, and theology. Oxford Academic. https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190204600.003.0002
- Pietig, J. (1977). John Dewey and character education. Journal of Moral Education, 6(3), 170–180. https://doi.org/10.1080/0305724770060304
- Pritchard, D. (2013). Epistemic virtue and the epistemology of education. Journal of Philosophy of Education 47(2), 236–247.
- Pritchard, D. (2023a). Cultivating intellectual virtues. In R. Curren (ed.), Handbook of philosophy of education. Routledge.
- Pritchard, D. (2023b). Educating for virtuous intellectual character and valuing truth. Philosophies, 8(2). Accessed July 20, 2024, https://doi.org/10.3390/philosophies8020029
- Pruś, J. & Aberdein, A. (2022). Is every definition persuasive? Informal Logic, 42(1), 25–47.
- Ranalli, C. (2022). Closed-minded belief and indoctrination. American Philosophical Quarterly, 59(1), 61–80. https://doi.org/10.5406/21521123.59.1.05
- Roberts, R., & Wood, J. (2007). Intellectual virtues: An essay in regulative epistemology. Oxford University Press.
- Robertson, E. (2009). The epistemic aims of education. In H. Siegel (Ed.), Oxford handbook of philosophy of education (pp. 11–34). Oxford University Press.
- Schmidt, K. (2023). Loyalty and epistemic partiality. In E. Silverman (Ed.) Virtuous and vicious expressions of partiality (pp. 181–198). Routledge.
- Siegel, H. (1997). Rationality redeemed? Further dialogues on an educational ideal. Routledge.
- Siegel, H. (2001). Dangerous dualisms or murky monism? A reply to Jim Garrison. Journal of Philosophy of Education, 35(4), 577–595.
- Siegel, H. (2017). Critical thinking and the intellectual virtues. In J. Baehr (Ed.), Intellectual virtues and education: Essays in applied virtue epistemology (pp. 95–112). Routledge.
- Siegel, H. (2023). Rational thinking and intellectually virtuous thinking: Identical, extensionally equivalent, or substantially different? Informal Logic, 43(2), 204–223.
- Sutinen, A., Kallioniemi, A. & Pihlström, S. (2015). Pedagogical transaction in religious education: Diversified society and John Dewey’s philosophy of education. Religious Education, 110(3), 329–348.
- van Woudenberg, R. (2009). Ignorance and force: Two excusing conditions for false beliefs. American Philosophical Quarterly, 46(4), 373–386.
- Walton, D. (2005). Deceptive arguments containing persuasive language and persuasive definitions. Argumentation, 19(2), 159–186.
- Watts, P. & Kristjánsson, K. (2023). Character education. In R. Curren (Ed.), Handbook of philosophy of education. Routledge.
- White, B. (2015). Scapegoat: John Dewey and the character education crisis. Journal of Moral Education, 44(2), 127–144. DOI: 10.1080/03057240.2015.1028911
- Zagzebski, L. (1996). Virtues of the mind. Cambridge University Press.
- Zagzebski, L. (2012). Epistemic authority: A theory of trust, authority, and autonomy in belief. Oxford University Press.
- Zagzebski, L. (2017). Exemplarist moral theory. Oxford University Press.