Résumés
Résumé
Les antiagrégants plaquettaires sont des outils majeurs de la prise en charge des syndromes coronariens aigus. À la phase aiguë de l’infarctus avec élévation du segment ST, ils permettent de limiter l’effet prothrombogène des traitements de reperfusion tels que la thrombolyse (dissolution chimique du caillot obstruant l’artère coronaire) et l’angioplastie primaire (désobstruction mécanique de l’artère coronaire occluse). Dans le cadre des syndromes coronariens aigus sans élévation du segment ST, les antiagrégants plaquettaires permettent d’éviter l’évolution de la thrombose coronarienne partielle vers l’occlusion vasculaire complète, et donc vers l’infarctus aigu avec élévation du segment ST. Le bénéfice des antiagrégants plaquettaire dépend du profil de risque des patients; il est démontré que l’association de plusieurs antiagrégants est d’autant plus efficace que les patients sont à plus haut risque. Les principaux enjeux de l’utilisation de cette classe thérapeutique sont les suivants: dépister les résistances, adapter les posologies et gérer l’arrêt temporaire de ces traitements chez des patients ayant une pathologie coronarienne stable.
Summary
Antiplatelet agents are the cornerstone therapy of acute coronary syndromes. In the setting of ST elevation myocardial infarction, antiplatelet therapy prevent the prothrombotic effect of reperfusion therapy including thrombolysis and primary percutaneous coronary intervention. In non ST-elevation acute coronary syndromes, antiplatelet therapy prevent s complete coronary thrombotic occlusion and therefore the occurrence of ST elevation myocardial infarction. Antiplatelet agent benefit is related to the patient’s risk profile. It is well established that combined antiplatelet therapy is the most effective in high risk patients. Several important issues have to be faced including the identification of non responders, dose adjustment and the management of temporary interruption of antiplatelet agents in stable coronary artery disease patients.
Parties annexes
Références
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