Résumés
Abstract
Changes to the political landscape have revived the debate over linguistic duality. That debate, however, is not altogether new. Many of the arguments being made in 2019, upon the fiftieth anniversary of the Official Languages Act, were not unlike those of 1969, when Canada adopted the Act, or even 1929, when government took modest measures to recognize English and French at the post office.
In 1929, 1969 and 2019, some believed that pan-Canadian recognition of linguistic duality would serve national unity. Others, however, wondered whether it was compatible with the ethnocultural diversity of the country, or asserted that federal bilingualism in their province was not justified, citing populist, demographic or identity-based arguments. The debate—90 years ago, 50 years ago, or even today—has often given rise to fear and misunderstanding; however, it has also benefited from the persistence of moderates from both of Canada’s official language communities.
Keywords:
- bilingualism,
- history,
- Canada,
- populism,
- politics
Résumé
Des changements dans le paysage politique ont relancé le débat sur la dualité linguistique. Ce débat n’est pas nouveau. Bon nombre des arguments avancés en 2019, lors du cinquantième anniversaire de la Loi sur les langues officielles, ressemblaient fort à ceux de 1969, lorsque le Canada a adopté la Loi, ou même à ceux de 1929, quand le gouvernement a prescrit de modestes mesures pour l’usage des deux langues à la poste.
En 1929, 1969 et 2019, certains croyaient qu’une reconnaissance pancanadienne de la dualité linguistique servirait l’unité nationale. D’autres, cependant, se demandaient si cela pouvait être compatible avec la diversité ethnoculturelle, ou affirmaient, en invoquant le populisme, la démographie ou l’identité, que le bilinguisme fédéral n’était pas justifié dans leur province. De nos jours comme il y a 50 ou 90 ans, le débat engendre souvent des craintes et des malentendus. En revanche, il bénéficie de la persévérance de Canadiens modérés de chacune des deux communautés de langue officielle.
Mots-clés :
- bilinguisme,
- histoire,
- Canada,
- populisme,
- politiques
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Bibliography
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