Résumés
Résumé
L’internationalisation des firmes multinationales des pays émergents (FMNE) interroge les approches théoriques en management international. L’objet de ce travail est d’identifier les spécificités de l’internationalisation des FMNE à travers l’étude de JBS, firme brésilienne leader mondiale des viandes. En partant des données internes de l’entreprise et d’informations secondaires, nous avons retracé l’ensemble des opérations d’acquisition réalisées par JBS au Brésil et à l’étranger. Nos résultats confirment que l’internationalisation des FMNE suit une trajectoire spécifique par rapport à celles explicitées par les modèles récents (Born Global, Springboard ou Casino) : forte financiarisation, acquisitions de filiales de groupes internationaux pour acquérir d’autres firmes, expansion géographique visant la sécurisation des approvisionnements et de la distribution, et fort appui des institutions politico-financières domestiques.
Mots-clés :
- FMN,
- pays émergents,
- internationalisation,
- Brésil,
- viande
Abstract
The internationalization’s process of emerging countries’ multinational firms (EMNF) challenges the theoretical approaches in international business. This work aims to identify the specificities of EMNF’s internationalization through the study of JBS, a Brazilian firm world leader in meat production. Based on internal company data and a collection of secondary information, we have traced around fifty acquisition operations in Brazil and abroad. Our results confirm that the EMNFs’ internationalization process follows a specific trajectory compared to those revealed by last internationalization models (Born Global, Springbaord, Casino): strong financial dimension, acquisitions of subsidiaries of international groups, then used to acquire other firms, controlled geographical expansion and aimed at securing supply and distribution, and strong support from financial and political national institutions.
Keywords:
- MNF,
- emergent countries,
- internationalization,
- Brazil,
- meat
Resumen
La internacionalización de las empresas multinacionales de los países emergentes (EMNE) desafía los enfoques teóricos en negocio internacional. Este trabajo busca identificar las especificidades de la internacionalización de estas empresas a través del estudio de JBS, empresa brasileña líder en la producción de carne. Con base en datos internos e informaciones secundarias, este trabajo rastrea cincuenta operaciones realizadas en Brasil y en el mundo. Los resultados confirman que la internacionalización de las EMNE sigue una trayectoria específica en comparación con las reveladas por los modelos Born Global, Springboard, Casino: fuerte dimensión financiera, adquisiciones de filiales de grupos internacionales utilizadas para adquirir otras empresas, expansión geográfica dirigida a asegurar el suministro y la distribución, y fuerte apoyo de las instituciones nacionales.
Palabras clave:
- EMN,
- países emergentes,
- internacionalización,
- Brasil,
- carne
Parties annexes
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