Résumés
Abstract
This paper seeks to understand how owner-managers’ perceptions of environmental changes led them to adapt their business model (BM). Drawing on 43 interviews with independent pharmacist in Belgium (19) and Italy (24), we demonstrate how some owner-managers focus on their macro-environment leading them to consider environmental changes as a threat. They feel they are unable to adapt their BM or only provide minor adaptation. However, some owner-managers focus both on their micro and macro-environment, sometimes beyond the traditional pharmacy sector, to identify opportunities. They then extricate themselves from the constraints perceived in the environment to proceed with significant BM innovation by building a specific ecosystem.
Keywords:
- business model,
- cognitive approach,
- ecosystem,
- environment,
- owner-managers,
- pharmacy,
- SME
Résumé
Cet article cherche à comprendre comment les changements perçus dans l’environnement par des propriétaires-gérants peuvent les conduire à adapter leur business model (BM). A partir de 43 entretiens avec des pharmaciens indépendants en Belgique (19) et en Italie (24), nous démontrons comment certains se focalisent sur l’environnement macro, ce qui les amènent généralement à considérer les changements comme une menace. Ceux-ci se sentent incapables d’adapter leur BM ou n’apportent que des adaptations mineures. Or, d’autres se concentrent à la fois sur l’environnement micro et macro, parfois au-delà du secteur de la pharmacie, pour identifier des opportunités. Ils s’extraient alors des contraintes perçues dans l’environnement pour procéder à des innovations significatives de leur BM, en construisant un écosystème spécifique.
Mots-clés :
- business model,
- approche cognitive,
- écosystème,
- environnement,
- propriétaires-gérants,
- pharmacie,
- PME
Resumen
Este artículo trata de entender cómo la percepción de los cambios en el entorno por parte de los propietarios-gestores los lleva a adaptar su modelo de negocio (MN). A partir de 43 entrevistas a farmacéuticos independientes en Bélgica (19) e Italia (24), los resultados muestran cómo algunos, al centrarse en su macroentorno, consideran los cambios como una amenaza. Se sienten incapaces de adaptar su MN o sólo realizan pequeñas adaptaciones. Otros se centran en su entorno micro y macro y más allá de su sector para identificar oportunidades. Se extraen de las limitaciones percibidas en el entorno para innovar significativamente su MN desarrollando un ecosistema específico.
Palabras clave:
- modelo de negocio,
- enfoque cognitivo,
- ecosistema,
- entorno,
- propietarios-gestores,
- farmacia,
- Pymes
Parties annexes
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