Résumés
Résumé
Si un modèle d’affaires (MA) résume comment une entreprise crée et capture de la valeur, on peut alors soutenir qu’un modèle d’affaires innovant (MAI) se réfère à l’innovation d’une ou plusieurs parties d’un modèle d’affaires. Cet article explore à la fois les MA et les MAI des zones franches (ZF) aux Émirats Arabes Unis. Dans l’ensemble, les MAI en ZF ont tendance à être d’une complexité limitée. La plupart d’entre eux sont la conséquence de changements, dans une ou plusieurs parties du modèle, avec des retombées rares sur le reste du modèle. Par ailleurs, les modèles innovants remarquables sont souvent plus ouverts.
Mots-clés :
- Modèle d’affaires,
- Modèle d’affaires innovant,
- Émirats Arabes Unis,
- Zones franches
Abstract
If a business model (BM) summarizes how a business creates and captures value, then it can be argued that business model innovation (BMI) refers to innovating one or more elements of a BM. This article explores both BM and BMI of the Free Zones (FZs) in the United Arab Emirates. Overall, BMI in FZs tend to be of limited complexity. Most of them are the result of changes, in one or more parts of the model, with rare spillover effects on the rest of the model. Moreover, noteworthy innovative models tend to be open.
Keywords:
- Business model,
- Business model innovation,
- United Arab Emirates,
- Free Zones
Resumen
Si un modelo de negocio (MN) resume cómo un negocio crea y captura valor, se puede entonces argumentar que la innovación del modelo de negocio (IMN) se refiere a innovar uno o más elementos de un MN. Este artículo explora el MN y el IMN de las zonas francas (ZFs) en los Emiratos Árabes Unidos. En general, la IMN en las ZFs tiende a ser de complejidad limitada. La mayoría de ellos son el resultado de cambios, en una o más partes del modelo, con repercusiones escasas en el resto del modelo. Por otra parte, los modelos innovadores más relevantes tienden a ser abiertos.
Palabras clave:
- Modelo de negocio,
- Innovación del modelo de negocio,
- Emiratos Árabes Unidos,
- Zonas francas
Parties annexes
Bibliographie
- Aaboen, L.; Laage-Hellman, J.; Lind, F.; Öberg, C.; Shih, T. (2016). « Exploring the roles of university spin-offs in business networks », Industrial Marketing Management, Vol. 59, p. 157-166.
- Amit, R.; Zott, C. (2001). « Value creation in e-business », Strategic Management Journal, Vol. 22, p. 493-520.
- Bost, F. (2010) Atlas mondial des zones franches, Paris : La documentation française.
- Casadesus-Masanell, R.; ZHU, F. (2013). « Business model innovation and competitive imitation: The case of sponsor-based business models », Strategic Management Journal, Vol. 34, p. 464-482.
- Chesbrough, H. (2007). « Business model innovation: it’s not just about technology anymore », Strategy & Leadership, Vol. 35, p. 12-17.
- Chesbrough, H. W. (2010). « Business model innovation: opportunities and barriers », Long Range Planning, Vol. 43, p. 354-363.
- Chesbrough, H.; Rosenbloom, R. (2002). « The role of the business model in capturing value from innovation: evidence from the Xerox Corporation’s technology spin-off companies », Industrial and Corporate Change, Vol. 11, p. 529-555.
- Christensen, C. M. (2006). « The ongoing process of building a theory of disruption », Journal of Product Innovation Management, Vol. 23, p. 39-55.
- DUBAI FREE ZONE COUNCIL. (2017). « Why Dubai Freezones », [ONLINE] Available at : http://www.dfzc.ae/index.html. [Accessed 25 March 2017].
- Dubois, A.; Gadde, L. E. (2002). « Systematic combining : an abductive approach to case research », Journal of Business Research, Vol. 55, p. 553-560.
- Dubois, A.; Gadde, L. E. (2014). « Systematic combining »—A decade later. Journal of Business Research, Vol. 67, p. 1277-1284.
- Elkington, J. (1997). Cannibals with Forks: The Triple Bottom Line of 21st Century Business, Capstone: John Wiley.
- Farole, T.; Akinci, G. (2011). Special economic zones: progress, emerging challenges, and future directions, Washington DC : World Bank.
- FIAS. (Foreign Investment Advisory Service) (2008). Special Economic Zones. Performance, Lessons Learned, and Implications for Zone Development, Washington DC : World Bank.
- França, C. L.; Broman, G.; Robèrt, K. H.; Basile, G.; Trygg, L. (2017). « An approach to business model innovation and design for strategic sustainable development », Journal of Cleaner Production, Vol. 140, p. 155-166.
- Golden, B. R. (1992). « Research notes. The past is the past—or is it ? The use of retrospective accounts as indicators of past strategy », Academy of Management Journal, Vol. 35, p. 848-860.
- Golden, B. R. (1997). « Further remarks on retrospective accounts in organizational and strategic management research », Academy of Management Journal Vol. 40, p. 1243-1252.
- Guba, E. G.; Lincoln, Y. S. (1994). « Competing paradigms in qualitative research ». dans Denzin, N. K. et Lincoln, Y. S. (Eds.). Handbook of qualitative research,, Thousand Oaks, CA : Sage, p. 105-117.
- GULF NEWS (2017). « Guides Life Community », [ONLINE] Available at : http://gulfnews.com/guides/life/community/45-free-zones-in-the-uae-find-the-right-one-for-your-new-business-1.1716197. [Accessed 28 March 2017].
- Halineen, A.; Törnroos, J. A. (2005). « Using case methods in the study of contemporary business networks », Journal of Business Research, Vol. 58, p. 1285-1297.
- Hannan, M. T.; Freeman, J. (1977). « The population ecology of organizations », American Journal of Sociology, Vol. 82, p. 929-964.
- Hu, B. (2014). « Linking business models with technological innovation performance through organizational learning », European Management Journal, Vol. 32, p. 587-595.
- ICC (International Chamber of Commerce) (2013). Controlling the Zone: Balancing facilitation and control to combat illicit trade in the world’s Free Trade Zones, ICC, Paris.
- Johnson, M. W., Christensen, M. C.; Kagermann, H. (2008). « Reinventing your business model », Harvard Business Review, Vol. 86, p. 50-59.
- Kaplan, R. S.; Norton, D. P., (1992). « The balanced scorecard-measures that drive performance », Harvard Business Review, Vol. 77, p. 71-79.
- Karlsson, N. P.; Halila, F.; Mattsson, M.; Hoveskog, M. (2017). « Success factors for agricultural biogas production in Sweden: A case study of business model innovation », Journal of Cleaner Production, Vol. 142, p. 2925-2934.
- Keshavarzian, A. (2010). « Geopolitics and the genealogy of Free Trade Zones in the Persian Gulf », Geopolitics, Vol. 15, p. 263-289.
- Kim, S. K.; Min, S., (2015). « Business model innovation performance: When does adding a new business model benefit an incumbent? », Strategic Entrepreneurship Journal, Vol. 9, p. 34-57.
- Markides, C. (2006). « Disruptive innovation: In need of better theory », Journal of Product Innovation Management, Vol. 23, p. 19-25.
- Markides, C. (2013). « Business model innovation: what can the ambidexterity literature teach us? », The Academy of Management Perspectives, Vol. 27, p. 313-323.
- Mcgrath, R. G. (2010). « Business models : A discovery driven approach », Long Range Planning, Vol. 43, p. 247-261.
- Miller, C. C.; Cardinal, L. B.; Glick, W. H. (1997). « Retrospective reports in organizational research: A reexamination of recent evidence », Academy of Management Journal, Vol. 40, p. 189-204.
- Morris, M.; Schindehutte, M.; Allen, J. (2005). « The entrepreneur’s business model: toward a unified perspective », Journal of Business Research, Vol. 58, p. 726-735.
- Osterwalder, A.; Pigneur, Y.; Tucci, C. L. (2005). « Clarifying business models: origins, present, and future of the concept », Communications of the Association for Information Systems, Vol. 16, p. 1-25.
- Osterwalder, A. (2004). The business model ontology a proposition in a design science approach, PhD thesis, École des hautes études commerciales de l’université de Lausanne.
- Osterwalder, A.; YvesPigneur, Y.; Clark T. (2010). Business model generation: A handbook for visionaries, game changers, and challengers, Hoboken: Wiley.
- Osiyevskyy, O.; Dewald, J. (2015). « Explorative versus exploitative business model change: the cognitive antecedents of firm‐level responses to disruptive innovation », Strategic Entrepreneurship Journal, Vol. 9, p. 58-78.
- Porter, M.E., (1985). Competitive Advantage, New York: The Free Press.
- Pkf (2015). Free Zones in the UAE, Dubai : PKF.
- Rao, S.; Perry, C. (2003). « Convergent interviewing to build a theory in under-researched areas: principles and an example investigation of internet usage in inter-firm relationships », Qualitative Market Research: An International Journal, Vol. 6, p. 236-247.
- Richard, P. J.; Devinney, T. M.; Yip, G. S.; Johnson, G. (2009). « Measuring Organizational Performance: Towards Methodological Best Practice », Journal of Management, Vol. 35, p. 718 804.
- Ritala, P.; Hurmelinna-Laukkanen, P. (2013). « Incremental and radical innovation in coopetition—The role of absorptive capacity and appropriability », Journal of Product Innovation Management, Vol. 30, p. 154-169.
- Santos, J.; Spector, B.; Van Der Heyden, L. (2009). « Toward a theory of business model innovation within incumbent firms », working paper, Fontainebleau : INSEAD.
- Stewart, D. W.; Zhao, Q. (2000). « Internet marketing, business models, and public policy », Journal of Public Policy & Marketing, Vol. 19, p. 287-296.
- Saunders, M. Lewis, P.; Thornhill, A. (2012). Research methods for business students (6th ed.), Harlow: Pearson.
- Taran, Y.; Boer, H.; Lindgren, P. (2015). « A business model innovation typology », Decision Sciences, Vol. 46, p. 301-331.
- Teece, D. J. (2010). « Business models, business, strategy and innovation », Long Range Planning, Vol. 43, p. 172-194.
- Viscio, A.; Pasternack, B. A. (1996). « Toward a new business model », Strategy & Business, Vol. 20, p. 125-134.
- Wafi, T. (2014). A l’exploration de la stratégie de développement des cités-états globales : une étude de cas comparative entre les facteurs clés de développement à Hong Kong, Singapour, Abu Dhabi, et Dubaï. Thèse de doctorat Commerce international et Europe, Paris 4.
- YANG, J.; Evans, S.; Vladimirova. D.; Rana, P. (2017). « Value uncaptured perspective for sustainable business model innovation », Journal of Cleaner Production, Vol.140, p. 1794-1804.
- Zott, C.; Amit, R.; Massa, L., (2011). « The business model : recent developments and future research, Journal of Management, Vol. 37, p. 1019-1042.