Résumés
Abstract
Thanks to Paul Kußmaul, the investigation of translational creativity has made considerable progress. The measurement of creativity, however, has remained a great challenge. The following article presents the results of the measurement of one aspect considered central to the notion of translational creativity, namely the measurement of the ability to depart from the source text (ST) structure by applying creative shifts, i.e., abstracting, modifying or concretising source text ideas in the target text (TT). Sixteen units of analysis from 4 experimental texts translated by 11 students of translation and 5 professional translators each were analysed with the aim of finding out how many of them constituted creative shifts as opposed to mere reproductions of the source text. The results of this sample analysis reveal that there are clear differences between student and professional behaviour and that a certain trend for the development of creative competence can be established. Moreover, these results do not only point to a methodologically interesting approach for analysing complex cognitive constructs, but they also provide a valuable starting point for pedagogic research and application.
Keywords:
- translational creativity,
- creative shift,
- literal reproduction,
- competence development,
- translation process
Résumé
Grâce à l’oeuvre de Paul Kußmaul, la recherche sur la créativité en traduction a fait de grands progrès. Mesurer la créativité en traduction demeure cependant un défi à relever. Le présent article fait état des résultats d’une étude portant sur l’analyse d’un aspect de la créativité considéré comme essentiel. Cet aspect, nommé déplacement créateur, permet de mesurer la capacité du traducteur à s’éloigner de la structure du texte de départ. Un déplacement créatif peut apparaître sous diverses formes, telles qu’une abstraction ou une modification, ou encore une concrétisation dans le texte cible par rapport au texte de départ. Nous présentons une analyse de 16 unités textuelles provenant de 4 textes expérimentaux, qui ont été traduites, chacune, par 11 étudiants en traduction et 5 traducteurs professionnels. Le but de l’analyse est de mesurer la flexibilité du traducteur, entendue comme étant la capacité à s’éloigner de la structure linguistique du texte de départ, au lieu de réaliser de simples reproductions littérales. Les résultats révèlent de nettes différences entre les étudiants et les traducteurs professionnels et permettent d’établir des tendances en rapport avec le développement de la compétence créative en traduction. En outre, non seulement ils ouvrent une piste nouvelle pour l’analyse de phénomènes cognitifs complexes, mais ils représentent également un point de départ prometteur pour la recherche et l’application pédagogiques.
Mots-clés :
- créativité en traduction,
- déplacement créatif,
- reproduction littérale,
- développement de compétence,
- processus de traduction
Parties annexes
Parties annexes
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