Résumés
Abstract
This paper examines the collective self-images of Israeli literary translators, assuming that their desired idealized personae are no less effective than their actual performances in regulating the “rules of the game” in their field. In view of translators’ popular image of ‘invisibility’ and ‘submissiveness,’ my argument is that translators are compelled to make intensive use of self-promotional discourse in their endeavor to establish their profession as a distinctive source of cultural capital. The present analysis is based on around 250 profile articles and interviews, reviews, surveys of translators and other reports in the printed media from the early 1980s through 2004. Three main self-images emerge from this self-presentational discourse: (1) The translator as a custodian of language culture; (2) The translator as an ambassador of foreign cultures and an innovator, and (3) The translator as an artist in his/her own right.
Keywords/Mots-clés:
- symbolic capital,
- translators’ self-images,
- self-presentation,
- literary translators,
- self-promotional discourse
Résumé
Cet article examine les autoreprésentations que partagent les traducteurs littéraires israéliens, en supposant que leurs personnages idéalisés désirés ne soient pas moins efficaces que leurs performances réelles dans l’établissement des « règles du jeu » dans leur champ. Vu l’image populaire de traducteurs comme « invisibles » et « dociles », mon argument est que les traducteurs sont contraints à tirer le parti intensif de discours promotionnel de soi dans leurs efforts pour établir leur profession comme une source distinctive de capital culturel. La présente analyse se fonde sur environ 250 articles de profils et d’interviews, de critiques, d’enquêtes de traducteurs et d’autres rapports dans les médias imprimés à partir du début des années 1980 jusqu’en 2004. Trois autoreprésentations principales émergent du discours : 1) le traducteur comme gardien de la culture et de la langue ; 2) le traducteur comme ambassadeur de cultures étrangères et innovateur ; et 3) le traducteur comme artiste dans son propre droit.
Parties annexes
References
- Bourdieu, P. (1984): “Haute couture et haut culture,” in Questions de sociologie, Paris, Minuit.
- Bourdieu, P. (1985): “The Market of Symbolic Goods,” Poetics 14, pp. 13-44.
- Carey, J. (1992): The Intellectuals and the Masses, London and Boston, Faber and Faber.
- Choi, J. and H.-O. Lim (2002): “The Status of Translators and Interpreters in Korea,” Meta 47-4, pp. 627-635.
- Glick, P., Wilk, K. and M. Perreault (1995): “Images of Occupations: Components of Gender and Status in Occupational Stereotypes,” Sex Roles: A Journal of Research, 32-9/10, pp. 565-582.
- Gordon, J. A. (1997): “Teachers of Color Speak to Issues of Respect and Image,” The Urban Review 29-1, pp. 41-66.
- Jänis, M. (1996): “What Translators of Plays Think About Their Work,” Target 8-2, pp. 341-364.
- Sela-Sheffy, R. (1999): Literarische Dynamik und Kulturbildung. Zur Konstruktion des Repertoires deutscher Literatur im ausgehenden 18. Jahrhundert, Gerlingen, Bleicher Verlag.
- Sela-Sheffy, R. 2006) ): “The Pursuit of Symbolic Capital by a Semi-Professional Group: The Case of Literary Translators in Israel.,” in: WOLF, M. (ed.)Übersetzen – Translating – Traduire: Towards a “Social Turn”?, Münster-Hamburg-Berlin-Wien-London: LIT., pp. 243-252.
- Shavit, Z. and Y. Shavit (1977): “Translated vs. Original Literature in the Creation of the Literary Center in Erez Israel,” Ha-Sifrut 25, pp. 45-68.
- Simeoni, D. (1998): “The Pivotal Status of the Translator’s Habitus,” Target 10, pp. 1-39.
- Toury, G. (2002): “Translation as a Means of Planning and the Planning of Translation: A Theoretical Framework and an Exemplary Case,” in Paker, S. (ed.) Translations: (Re)shaping of Literature and Culture, Istanbul, Bogaziçi University Press, pp. 148-165.
- Treiman, D. J. (1977): Occupational Prestige in Comparative Perspective, New York, Academic Press.
- Altaras, A. (2002): “Language has always had a magic spell on me,” Yediot Aharonot (Weekend Supplement), 1.2.2002, p. 26.
- Amir, A. (2004): “Translation as an act of Occupation,” Maariv, 11.4.2004.
- Beker, M. (2001): “Translated by Moshe Ron,” Maariv (Weekend Supplement), 9.3.2001.
- Bronowski, Y. (2002): “The passion for translation. A radio talk with Yoram Bronowski,” Haaretz (Literary Supplement), 13.2.2002, p. B2.
- Dykmann, A. (1996): “How much you sweat for a good line. On the art of translation in an era of eternal amnesia,” Haaretz, 17.5.1996, pp. 1-2.
- Harel, O. (2003): “Everyone thinks one knows how to translate,” Maariv, 12.6.2003.
- Kadosh, O. (1994): “Mirsky crossed the lines,” Maariv (Weekend Supplement), 6.5.1994, pp. 41-43, 46.
- Karpel, D. (1994): “The translation is a good parasite,” Haaretz (Weekend Supplement), 22.4.1994.
- Karpel, D. (1997): “Does like us,” Haaretz (Weekend Supplement), 28.8.1997.
- Karpel, D. (2002): “The music of the sentence,” Haaretz (Weekend Supplement), 8.3.2002, pp. 40-46.
- Katzenelson, I. (2000): “The new translators, the state of the arts,” Yediot Aharonot, 13.10.2000.
- Landsman, N. (2000): “A story that ends (after 1,041 pages) with railway tracks,” HaIr 21.1.2000, pp. 92-93.
- Levtov, Y. (1994): “The Longing for the Culture of the World,” Al HaMishmar, 28.10.1984, p. 22.
- Levtov, Y. (1993): “Such lines are what make the translator rise or fall,” Al HaMishmar, 29.1.1993.
- Litvin, R. (1995): The Real Blue (Tel-Aviv: HaKibbutz HaMeuhad and Yediot Aharonot), pp. 104-177.
- Melamed, A. (1989): “Translation: Nili Mirsky,” Hadashot (Saturday addition), 1.12.1989, pp. 32-33.
- Moznayim: Translators Survey (1983): “On the condition of the Hebrew translatore. A Translators survey,” Moznayim, pp. 25-32.
- Nagid, H. (1998): “I am better than my predecessors.” Yediot Aharonot, 11.9.1998.
- Paz, M. 1989): “To see the author naked,” Dvar ha-Shavua, 22.12.1998.
- Porath, A. (2002): “Hebrew of the eye and Hebrew of the ear,” Haaretz, 12.9.2002.
- Seidman, Y. (1990): “Aviva Barak: What matters is the translation, not the translator,” Yediot Aharonot, 16.11.1990.
- Singer, M. (198): “The audacity of the simultaneous-translator,” Prosa 40-41, pp. 52-53.
- Snir, L. (1988): “The love for language and creation. A conversation with Rina Litvin,” Davar (Masa), 18.11.88.
- Wollman, H. (1987): “Translation, quality, quantity and income,” Yediot Aharonot (Weekend Supplement), 20.11.1987, pp. 19-20, 25.