Résumés
Résumé
Cet article est consacré au livre pour enfants comme récit colonialiste. Robert Peary est célébré aux États-Unis pour avoir été le premier à atteindre le pôle Nord (en 1909). Ici, on s’intéressera plutôt aux productions de sa femme Josephine Peary (1863-1955), autrice de deux livres pour enfants illustrés par la photographie, The Snow Baby. A True Story with True Pictures (1901) et Children of the Arctic (1903), deux récits autobiographiques de ses voyages au Groenland, en compagnie de son mari et de sa fille (qui y naquit en 1893), qui ont connu un très large succès et de nombreuses rééditions, ce qui témoigne de leur attrait idéologique. Les photographies et les textes permettent à Josephine Peary de se construire une identité publique de femme exploratrice et de « bonne mère », mais ils stigmatisent la population racisée qu’elle prend pour objet, en l’occurrence les Inuits du nord du Groenland.
Mots-clés :
- Peary,
- illustration photographique,
- colonialisme,
- autobiographie,
- livre pour enfants
Abstract
This article examines the children’s book as a colonialist image-text through two contextualised case studies. Robert Peary is well known in the US for having been the first to reach the North Pole (1909). In this chapter the focus will be on his wife Josephine Peary (1863-1955) and her two photographically illustrated children’s books The Snow Baby. A True Story with True Pictures (1901) and Children of the Arctic (1903). These autobiographical accounts of Greenland expeditions undertaken with her husband and baby daughter (born in Greenland in 1893) met with commercial success and were often reprinted, thus testifying to their ideological appeal. Image and text together allowed Josephine Peary to construct a public image of herself as an explorer and a “good mother”, yet this is achieved within rhetorical strategies of colonialist perspectives which stigmatise the racialised Inuit population living in North Greenland.
Keywords:
- Peary,
- photographic illustration,
- colonialism,
- autobiography,
- children’s books
Parties annexes
Bibliographie
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