Résumés
Résumé
Cette étude examine l’impact des classes et des écoles sur les performances en mathématiques des élèves de 4e année du primaire dans deux villes de la République démocratique du Congo en recourant à l’analyse multiniveau. Elle révèle que 71 %, 16 % et 13 % de la variance totale se situent respectivement aux niveaux élève, classe et école. L’étude montre en outre qu’au-delà de l’effet des caractéristiques individuelles, les caractéristiques de la classe expliquent 2,9 % (niveau classe) et 3,4 % (niveau école) de la variance totale. Cependant, seules la moyenne de la classe au prétest et la taille de classe sont significativement associées aux performances des élèves. L’étude montre enfin que si les caractéristiques de l’école expliquent 1,5 % de la variance totale située au niveau de l’école, l’expérience du directeur est le seul prédicteur significatif des performances des élèves.
Mots-clés :
- effet-école,
- effet-classe,
- effet de composition,
- performances en mathématiques,
- analyse multiniveau,
- République démocratique du Congo
Abstract
Based on a multilevel analysis, this study explores the impact of classes and schools on the mathematics performance of 4th grade elementary students in two cities of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. It reveals that, out of the total variance, 71%, 16% and 13% are situated at student, classroom and school levels, respectively. The study further shows that beyond the effect of individual characteristics, class characteristics explain 2.9% of the variance situated at class level and 3.4% of the variance located at school level. However, only the pretest class average and class size are significantly associated with student performance. The study finally shows that if school characteristics explain 1.5% of the variance situated at school level, the principal’s experience stands for the unique significant predictor of students’ performance.
Keywords:
- school effect,
- class effect,
- composition effect,
- mathematics performance,
- multilevel analysis,
- Democratic Republic of the Congo
Resumo
Este estudo examina o impacto das turmas e das escolas no desempenho matemático de alunos do 4.º ano do ensino básico em duas cidades da República Democrática do Congo, recorrendo à análise multinível. Ele revela que 71%, 16% e 1 % da variação total estão localizados respectivamente ao nível do aluno, da turma e da escola. O estudo também mostra que, além do efeito das características individuais, as características da turma explicam 2,9% (nível classe) e 3,4% (nível escola) da variação total. No entanto, apenas a média da turma no pré-teste e o tamanho da turma estão significativamente associados aos desempenhos dos alunos. O estudo mostra finalmente que, se as características da escola explicam 1,5% da variação total localizada ao nível da escola, a experiência do diretor é o único preditor significativo dos desempenhos dos alunos.
Palavras chaves:
- efeito-escola,
- efeito-classe,
- efeito de composição,
- desempenhos em matemática,
- análise multinível,
- República Democrática do Congo
Parties annexes
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