Résumés
Abstract
In 2021, Computing Information Technology Research and Education New Zealand (CITRENZ, 2021) held a conference for academics to explore information technology in a changing world. It provided a platform for those academics that teach in this industry a forum to discuss knowledge transfer and teaching practices. A workshop on “Mātauranga Māori in Information Technology,” which is a specialised type of expertise that continues to be in its infancy was presented. Mātauranga Māori in academia is a body of Indigenous Māori knowledge passed down from generation to generation, stretching back to te ao marama, the creation of the world (Sadler, 2007). Therefore, the depth of Mātauranga Māori is embedded in the earth and waters that cover the lands (Royal, 1998). Exploring ways to transfer this type of knowledge to a classroom or global online environment for Information Technology is a new type of pedagogy.
Building the academic capacity of people and academic programmes in Information Technology that supports Mātauranga Māori is pioneering for Indigenous academics. Navigating this pathway in the tertiary sector is delegated many times to the Indigenous academic to take leadership in this discipline. It also becomes a challenge for the Indigenous academic to retain leadership in these areas when these topics become globally attractive, like Cyber Security, where the representation of Indigenous experts are scarce in this industry and the outcome is that knowledge transfer tends to be the responsibility of the non-Indigenous academics to lead capacity building initiatives. This article discusses five key issues: 1) programmes in the Digital Computing Information Technology sector; 2) Mātauranga Māori in Information Technology; 3) the pedagogy of teaching and delivery; 4) Indigenous leadership in this sector; and 5) capacity building initiatives. It draws heavily from the literature and experience of those academics who work in the Institute of Technology and Polytechnics in Aotearoa New Zealand.
Parties annexes
Bibliography
- Biggs, J. (1999). What the student does: Teaching for enhanced learning. Higher Education Research & Development, 18(1), 57-75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0729436990180105
- Buck Institute for Education [BIE]. (2013). Project-based learning for the 21st century. http://www.bie.org
- CITRENZ. (2021). CITRENZ Programme. CITRENZ 2021, Wellington, New Zealand. https://itx.nz/CITRENZ#Programme
- Cooper, L., Orrell, J., & Bowden, M. (2010). Work integrated learning: A guide to effective practice. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203854501
- Cornell University. (2022). Center for teaching innovation: How to create and manage groups. https://teaching.cornell.edu/resource/how-create-manage-groups
- Cunningham, C., Stevenson, B., & Tassell, N. (2005). Analysis of the characteristics of whānau in Aotearoa. Ministry of Education.
- Doherty, W. (2012). Ranga framework—He Raranga Kaupapa. In Haemata Ltd, T. Black, D. Bean, W. Collings, & W. Nuku (Eds.), Conversations on Mātauranga Māori (pp. 15-36). New Zealand Qualifications Authority. https://www.nzqa.govt.nz/assets/Maori/ConversationsMMv6AW-web.pdf
- Durie, M.H. (1985). A Maori perspective of health. Social Science & Medicine, 20, 483–486. https://doi.org/10.1016/0277-9536(85)90363-6
- Gerritsen, J. (2021, October 11). Tertiary institutions given 10 years to end minority pass rate disparity. RNZ. https://www.rnz.co.nz/news/national/453303/tertiary-institutions-given-10-years-to-end-minority-pass-rate-disparity
- Graham, C.R., Woodfield, W., & Harrison, J.B. (2013). A framework for institutional adoption and implementation of blended learning in higher education. The Internet and Higher Education, 18, 4-14. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iheduc.2012.09.003
- Hockings, C., Brett, P., & Terentjevs, M. (2012). Making a difference-inclusive learning and teaching in higher education through open educational resources. Distance Education, 33(2), 237-252. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01587919.2012.692066
- Hope, S. (2020, September 17). Waikato student produced app makes Waiata easy and accessible. Stuff. https://www.stuff.co.nz/pou-tiaki/te-reo-maori/300110042/waikato-student-produced-app-makes-waiata-easy-and-accessible
- Johnston, M. (2010). Towards culturally appropriate assessment? A contribution to the debates. Higher Education Quarterly, 64(3), 231–245.
- King, A. (1993). From sage on the stage to guide on the side. College Teaching 41(1), 30-35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/87567555.1993.9926781
- NZQA. (2022a). Ngā Kaitūhono. New Zealand Government. https://www.nzqa.govt.nz/maori-and-pasifika/te-rautaki-maori/nga-kaituhono/
- NZQA. (2022b). Te Rautaki Maori a te Mana tohu Matauranga: The Maori strategic plan for the New Zealand Qualifications Authority. New Zealand Government. https://www.nzqa.govt.nz/assets/Maori/Te-Rautaki-Maori/Te-Rautaki-Maori-Draft-Strategy.pdf
- NZQA. (2022c, July). Qualifications – search results. New Zealand Government. https://www.nzqa.govt.nz/nzqf/search/results.do?q=&area=76450&searchSubject=Information+Technology&type=&lvl=&credit=&status=Current
- Pedaste, M., Mäeots, M., Siiman, L.A., de Jong, T., van Riesen, S.A.N., Kamp, E.T., & Tsourlidaki, E. (2015). Phases of inquiry-based learning: Definitions and the inquiry cycle. Educational Research Review, 14, 47–61. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.edurev.2015.02.003
- Pere, R. (1982). Ako: Concepts and learning in the Maori tradition. Hamilton.
- Pihama, L., Smith, K., Taki, M., & Lee, J. (2004). A literature review on Kaupapa Maori and Maori education pedagogy. https://akoaotearoa.ac.nz/download/ng/file/group-996/n3979--literature-review-on-kaupapa-mori-and-mori-education-pedagogy.pdf
- Pohatu, T. (2015). Matauranga-a-whanau: He Konae Aronui. Aotearoa New Zealand Social Work, 27(4), 32-38.
- Rakena, B. (2016). As proud as we are: A case study of educational achievement and learning for mature Maori computing students. [Doctoral dissertation, Curtin University]. espace. https://espace.curtin.edu.au/bitstream/handle/20.500.11937/1716/226838_Rakena%202015.pdf?sequence=2&isAllowed=y
- Rameka, L.K. (2021). Kaupapa Māori assessment: Reclaiming, reframing and realising Māori ways of knowing and being within early childhood education assessment theory and practice. Frontiers in Education, 6, 1-9. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2021.687601
- Royal, T.A.C. (1998, January). Mātauranga Māori: Paradigms and politics. A paper presented to the Ministry for Research, Science and Technology. https://www.mcguinnessinstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/Politics-and-Paradigms-Charles-Royal.pdf
- Sadler, H. (2007). Mātauranga Māori (Māori Epistemology). The International Journal of the Humanities: Annual Review, 4(10), 33-46. http://dx.doi.org/10.18848/1447-9508/CGP/v04i10/58246
- Smith, L.T. (2015). Kaupapa Māori research: Some Kaupapa Māori principles. In L. Pihama & K. South (Eds.), Kaupapa Rangahau a reader: A collection of readings from the Kaupapa Maori research workshop series led (pp. 46–52). Te Kotahi Research Institute. https://researchcommons.waikato.ac.nz/handle/10289/12026
- Spronken-Smith, R. (2008). Experiencing the process of knowledge creation: The nature and use of inquiry-based learning in higher education. University of Otago. https://ako.ac.nz/assets/Knowledge-centre/inquiry-based-learning/SUMMARY-REPORT-Inquiry-based-Learning.pdf
- Srivastave, V. K., Umar, M., & Mangla, K. (2017). Prevention against hacking using Dijkstra algorithm. International Journal of Advance Research in Science and Engineering, 6(5), 645-652. http://www.ijarse.com/images/fullpdf/1495456434_ijarse651.pdf
- TEC. (2020). Reform of Vocational Education (ROVE). New Zealand Government. https://www.tec.govt.nz/rove/reform-of-vocational-education/
- Te Pūkenga. (2020a). Introduction to Te Pūkenga. https://xn--tepkenga-szb.ac.nz/news/category/news/introducing-te-pukenga
- Te Pūkenga. (2020b). Listening to our learners. https://xn--tepkenga-szb.ac.nz/news/category/News/listening-to-our-learners
- Te Pūkenga. (2020c). Te Pae Tawhiti -2020 to 2025 working draft Te Tiriti O Waitangi excellence framework. https://xn--tepkenga-szb.ac.nz/assets/Publications/TTW_Excellence_Framework _Nov_2020_Working_Draft.pdf
- Te Pūkenga. (2021a). Te Pae Tawhiti: Insights into Te Tiriti o Waitangi and Maori equity practices throughout our network. https://xn--tepkenga-szb.ac.nz/assets/Publications/Te-Pae-Tawhiti-Insights-into-Te-Tiriti-o-Waitangi-and-Maori-Equity-practices-throughout-our-network.pdf
- Te Pūkenga. (2021b). Whakaumu I Te Ako: Proposed Te Pukenga operating model. https://xn--tepkenga-szb.ac.nz/assets/OM/Proposed-Operating-Model.pdf
- Te Tiriti o Waitangi [Māori version]. (1840, February 6). New Zealand Government. https://waitangitribunal.govt.nz/treaty-of-waitangi/te-reo-maori-version/
- Unitec. (2022). New Zealand certificate in health and wellbeing (social and community services). https://www.unitec.ac.nz/sites/default/files/public/NZCHW-MENTHLTHAS.pdf
- University of Texas at Austin Faculty Innovation Centre. (2022). Flipped Classroom. https://facultyinnovate.utexas.edu/teaching/strategies/flipping/different
- Watanabe Kganetso, L.M. (2017). Creating and using culturally sustaining informational texts. The Reading Teacher 70(4), 445-455. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/trtr.1546
- Webb, N. M. (2009). The teacher’s role in promoting collaborative dialogue in the classroom. British Journal of Educational Psychology, 79, 1–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1348/000709908X380772
- Wintec. (2017). AKO: Teaching and learning directions 2017-2020. Wintec. https://wintecac.sharepoint.com/sites/hru/Teaching &LearningDirections/Pages/Principles-andPractices.aspx
- Wintec. (2022a). Early childhood teacher: Kaiako Kōhungahunga. https://www.wintec.ac.nz/future-you/explore/jobs/education/early-childhood-teacher
- Wintec. (2022b). Postgraduate Health and Social Practice 2022: A prospectus for health professionals considering postgraduate study. https://wintecprodpublicwebsite.blob.core.windows.net/sitefinity-storage/docs/default-source/study-at-wintec/programme-guides/postgraduate_health_social_practice_programme_guide_webf2dcc05d24ac672cb0a7ff0000a25e42.pdf?sfvrsn=dac1c333_50
- Yang, X., Liu, J., & Xiaohe, L. (2019). Research and analysis of blockchain data. Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1237(2): 022084. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1237/2/022084.