Résumés
Résumé
L’écosystème entrepreneurial académique suscite un intérêt croissant de la part des chercheurs engagés dans la recherche de solutions pour l’élaboration d’une stratégie territoriale efficace. La littérature souligne le rôle des universités en tant que moteurs essentiels du développement économique en reliant efficacement les programmes d’éducation et d’accompagnement pour soutenir la création de nouvelles entreprises. Dans cet écosystème, les incubateurs académiques agissent comme des intermédiaires pour créer un environnement favorable à la création d’entreprise et un pont entre les entreprises accompagnées et leur environnement extérieur. Une étude qualitative a été menée pour analyser la configuration interne et externe de l’écosystème entrepreneurial académique. Les résultats montrent que les incubateurs académiques mobilisent une combinaison de stratégies individuelles et collectives pour aboutir à une stratégie écosystémique adéquate. Ainsi, les facteurs environnementaux et organisationnels déterminent la stratégie écosystémique et induisent un protocole d’élaboration séquentiel. Ce dernier se décompose en cinq étapes qui vont de l’identification du positionnement stratégique jusqu’au suivi et au contrôle. Ces résultats offrent une compréhension transversale de l’écosystème entrepreneurial académique pour tous les acteurs de l’écosystème, internes et externes, ce qui permet l’élaboration et la mise en oeuvre de stratégies génériques appropriées.
Mots-clés:
- Écosystème entrepreneurial,
- Incubateurs académiques,
- Structures d’accompagnement,
- Stratégie écosystémique
Abstract
The academic entrepreneurial ecosystem is attracting growing interest from researchers engaged in the search for solutions to develop an effective territorial strategy. The literature highlights the role of universities as key drivers of economic development by effectively linking education and support programs to support the creation of new businesses. In this ecosystem, academic incubators act as intermediaries to create a favorable environment for business creation and a bridge between the supported companies and their external environment. A qualitative study was conducted to analyze the internal and external configuration of the academic entrepreneurial ecosystem. The results show that academic incubators mobilize a combination of individual and collective strategies to achieve an appropriate ecosystem strategy. Thus, environmental and organizational factors determine the ecosystem strategy and induce a sequential development protocol. The latter is broken down into five steps that range from the identification of the strategic positioning to monitoring and control. These results provide a cross-cutting understanding of the academic entrepreneurial ecosystem for all ecosystem actors, both internal and external, allowing the development and implementation of appropriate generic strategies.
Keywords:
- Entrepreneurial ecosystem,
- Academic incubators,
- Support entities,
- Ecosystem strategy
Resumen
El ecosistema empresarial académico suscita un interés creciente por parte de los investigadores que se dedican a la búsqueda de soluciones para el desarrollo de una estrategia territorial eficaz. En esta literatura se destaca el papel de las universidades como impulsoras fundamentales del desarrollo económico, al vincular eficazmente la educación y los programas de apoyo a la creación de nuevas empresas. En este ecosistema, las incubadoras académicas actúan como intermediarias para crear un entorno favorable a la creación de empresas y un puente entre las empresas apoyadas y su entorno externo. Se realizó un estudio cualitativo para analizar la configuración interna y externa del ecosistema empresarial académico. Los resultados muestran que las incubadoras académicas movilizan una combinación de estrategias individuales y colectivas para lograr una estrategia de ecosistema adecuada. Así, los factores ambientales y organizativos determinan la estrategia del ecosistema e inducen un protocolo de desarrollo secuencial. Este último se desglosa en cinco pasos que van desde la identificación del posicionamiento estratégico hasta el seguimiento y el control. Estos resultados proporcionan una comprensión transversal del ecosistema empresarial académico para todos los actores del ecosistema, tanto internos como externos, permitiendo el desarrollo y la aplicación de estrategias genéricas apropiadas.
Palabras clave:
- Ecosistema empresarial,
- Incubadoras académicas,
- Entidades de apoyo,
- Estrategia del ecosistema
Parties annexes
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