Résumés
Résumé
La finance entrepreneuriale est un domaine de recherche qui se voulait émergent il y a près de trente ans et pour lequel certains chercheurs de renom ont proposé des agendas de recherche spécifiques et stimulants. Or le recensement de plusieurs centaines d’articles publiés révèle que les auteurs ont centré leur attention sur des questions de recherche traditionnelles, laissant souvent de côté les préconisations des experts qui recommandaient notamment d’inclure l’entrepreneur dans les travaux et d’emprunter à la littérature en entrepreneuriat des méthodes et théories pouvant aider à mieux comprendre les questions financières des PME. L’objet de cet article est de faire un survol des travaux réalisés au cours des quinze dernières années en regard des besoins de connaissances spécifiques permettant de favoriser la création et l’émancipation des PME, grâce, notamment, à un financement adéquat. À la vue de ce qui nous semble être un écart entre les connaissances disponibles et celles qui seraient souhaitables selon l’OCDE, et en nous situant dans un contexte de modification de l’environnement d’affaires mondial, nous proposons aux chercheurs intéressés à contribuer au domaine de la finance entrepreneuriale quelques pistes de recherche pour les travaux futurs.
Mots-clés :
- Finance entrepreneuriale,
- État des connaissances,
- Cadre de réflexion
Abstract
Entrepreneurial finance is an area of research that would emerge almost 30 years ago and for which some leading researchers have proposed a research agendas with specific and challenging avenues. However, one can see from the census of hundreds of articles published, that the authors focused their attention on traditional questions of research often leaving aside the recommendations of experts who suggest in particular to include the entrepreneur in their work and also, to borrow from the literature in entrepreneurship theories and methods that can help better understand the financial issues of SMEs. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the work done over the last 15 years compared to the needs of specific knowledge in order to promote the creation and emancipation of SMEs, specifically through adequate funding. At the sight of what seems to be a gap between available knowledge and those that are desirable according to the OECD, and considering the context of change in the global business environment, we propose to researchers interested in contributing to the field of entrepreneurial finance, some research avenues for future work.
Resumen
La finanza empresarial es un ámbito de investigación que afirmaba estar emergente hace casi treinta años y para el cual ciertos investigadores reputados propusieron varios programas de investigación específicas y estimulantes. Ahora bien, según el inventario de varios cientos artículos publicados, podemos hacer constar que los autores han focalizado su atención sobre cuestiones de investigación tradicionales, dejando frecuentemente a un lado las preconizaciones de los expertos quienes recomendaban incluir especialmente el empresario en los estudios y también, extraer de las ciencias empresariales los métodos y teorías permitiendo mejorar la comprensión de las cuestiones financieras de la PyMEs. Este artículo tiene por objeto la comparación de los estudios hechos desde hace quince años con las necesidades de conocimientos específicos propiciando la creación y la emancipación de las PyMEs gracias, particularmente, a un financiamiento adecuado. Porque nos parece que existe una diferencia entre los conocimientos a la disposición y ésos que estarían deseables según la OCDE y situándonos en un contexto de modificación del entorno mundial para los negocios, proponemos a las investigadores interesados en contribuir al ámbito de la finanza empresarial, unos senderos de investigación.
Zusammenfassung
Seit der Wahrnehmung des Bereiches « Entrepreneurial Finance » vor rund 30 Jahren haben zahlreiche renommierte Wissenschaftler ihren Beitrag zur Forschungsagenda geleistet. Aus einer umfangreichen Literaturanalyse geht jedoch hervor, dass traditionelle Forschungsfragen die Veröffentlichungen dominieren und dass Empfehlungen von Experten, wonach Unternehmer sowie Methoden und Theorien der Entrepreneurship-Forschung einbezogen werden sollten, weitgehend unberücksichtigt bleiben. Im vorliegenden Artikel werden die finanzwirtschaftlich relevanten Fähigkeiten − wie sie in den Publikationen der letzten 15 Jahre identifiziert wurden − anhand ihres Beitrages zur Schaffung und Stärkung von KMU diskutiert. Auf der Basis der festgestellten Diskrepanz zwischen vorhandenen und wünschbaren Fähigkeiten (aufgrund der OECD) sowie den sich verändernden gesamtwirtschaftlichen Rahmenbedingungen, empfehlen wir einige Forschungsperspektiven im Bereich der « Entrepreneurial Finance ».
Parties annexes
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