Résumés
Abstract
The three decades leading up to World War I witnessed major shifts in the diplomatic relationship between Canada and the United States. Though attempts to forge a North American free-trade agreement failed, Canada and the U.S. forged unprecedented bilateral ties. This article examines how Canadian expatriates in the United States between 1885 and 1914 perceived the changing relationship between their native land and their adopted home. It focuses on the Canadian clubs of New York City, which provided a space in which well-to-do immigrants fostered Canadian patriotism, cultivated ties with politicians, and debated the Dominion’s future with leading intellectuals and diplomats. These clubs, it is argued, articulated a new brand of Canadian nationalism deeply rooted in North America. At times this vision matched sentiments north of the border; at others, it inflamed them. Most notably, during the 1891 and 1911 federal elections, New York’s Canadians campaigned fervently for free trade, and in so doing found themselves at odds with a majority of Canadians north of the border.
Résumé
Au cours des trois décennies qui ont précédé la Première Guerre mondiale, des changements majeurs ont été observés dans les relations diplomatiques entre le Canada et les États-Unis. Malgré l’échec des tentatives pour conclure un accord de libre-échange nord-américain, le Canada et les États-Unis ont tissé des liens bilatéraux sans précédent. Cet article étudie comment des expatriés canadiens vivant aux États-Unis entre 1885 et 1914 ont perçu le changement des rapports entre leur terre natale et leur terre d’adoption. L’accent est mis sur les cercles canadiens de la ville de New York qui fournissaient un lieu de rencontre où des immigrants bien nantis alimentaient le patriotisme canadien, cultivaient des liens avec les politiciens et débattaient de l’avenir du Dominion avec des intellectuels et des diplomates en vue. On affirme que ces cercles sont à l’origine d’une nouvelle forme de nationalisme canadien, profondément enraciné en Amérique du Nord. Parfois, cette vision rejoignait les sentiments éprouvés au nord de la frontière; à d’autres moments, elle les enflammait. Plus particulièrement, durant les élections fédérales de 1891 et de 1911, les Canadiens de New York ont milité avec conviction en faveur du libre-échange et, ce faisant, se sont retrouvés en opposition avec la majorité des Canadiens vivant au nord de la frontière.
Parties annexes
Parties annexes
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