Résumés
Abstract
River valleys in the Humber River drainage basin have derived most of their morphology from processes occurring over the last 13 000 14C BP. Some of the valley reaches possess very distinct characteristics in terms of plan-view morphology, such as valley meandering and loop features along the valley sides. In this study, the valley morphology and stratigraphy of the upper Humber River basin are examined in order to assess the character of post-glacial valley evolution. Existing knowledge of late Wisconsinan and Holocene events has been considered to place this valley evolution into a regional context. Radiocarbon dating and digital elevation models suggest that the majority of valley incision occurred during or soon after regional deglaciation. Looping valley features and terrace patterns indicate that most valley morphology can be attributed to larger ancestral rivers. Although direct melt-water contributions are expected due to deglaciation, it is suggested that other processes due to the climatic and hydrogeologic effects of fluctuating proglacial lake levels also played a role.
Résumé
La morphologie des vallées dans le bassin de la rivière Humber découle essentiellement des processus ayant agi durant les derniers 13 000 14C BP. Certains segments de vallées présentent des caractéristiques uniques, particulièrement en ce qui a trait à la morphologie en plan : les boucles et les méandres. Dans cette étude, l’évolution des vallées du bassin de la rivière Humber au cours de l’Holocène et à la fin du Wisconsinien est étudiée de façon à déterminer les changements morphologiques et leur évolution vers leur forme actuelle. Des datations au 14C et des modèles d’élévation de terrain indiquent que la majeure partie de l’incision des vallées s’est produite durant ou peu après la déglaciation régionale. Les composantes des méandres de vallées et les patrons des terrasses fluviatiles indiquent que la morphologie actuelle des vallées est attribuable à des rivières ancestrales plus larges. Outre le rôle attendu des apports en eau de fonte associés à la déglaciation soient attendues, il est probable que les effets climatiques et hydrogéologiques des changements du niveau d’eau des lacs proglaciaires aient aussi joué un rôle dans l’évolution des vallées du bassin de la rivière Humber.
Parties annexes
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