Résumés
Abstract
Ice streams had a major influence on the configuration and the stability of the Laurentide Ice Sheet. Their identification is crucial for an understanding of ice sheet behaviour and their importance is reflected by the recent increase in paleo-ice stream research. This paper provides a synopsis of Laurentide paleo-ice streams, compiled from published sources and our mapping from satellite imagery and aerial photography. In total, 49 hypothesised ice streams are reviewed, and categorised according to the strength of evidence for streaming and knowledge of their extent. A map of Laurentide paleo-ice streams is presented, along with tables documenting the nature of evidence on which streaming behaviour has been invoked. The distribution of ice streams demonstrates the spatial organisation of fast ice flow, and overlapping imprints document major changes in ice flow during retreat. We note that Laurentide paleo-ice streams exhibit a much greater range in size than those currently operating in Antarctica.
Résumé
Les courants glaciaires ont eu une influence déterminante sur la configuration et la stabilité de l’Inlandsis Laurentidien. Leur identification est cruciale pour la compréhension du comportement de la calotte glaciaire et l’intensification récente de la recherche sur les courants paléoglaciaires témoigne de leur importance. Dans cet article, nous présentons une vue d’ensemble des courants paléoglaciaires de l’Inlandsis Laurentidien, compilée à partir de la revue des sources publiées et de notre cartographie établie à l’aide d’imagerie satellite et de photographies aériennes. En tout, nous avons étudié 49 hypothèses de courants glaciaires. Nous les avons classées selon l’importance du témoignage de leur écoulement et la connaissance que nous avons de leur extension. Nous proposons une carte des courants paléoglaciaires laurentidiens ainsi que des tableaux décrivant la nature de la preuve permettant d’établir le comportement de l’écoulement. La répartition des courants glaciaires montre l’organisation spatiale d’un écoulement glaciaire rapide et le chevauchement des empreintes traduit les changements de l’écoulement durant son retrait. Nous notons que la taille des courants paléoglaciaires laurentidiens est plus importante que celle des courants glaciaires actuels de l’Antarctique.
Parties annexes
References
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