Résumés
Abstract
In the St. Lawrence Valley just west of Québec City, initial deglaciation was accompanied by an energetic northward discharge of meltwater into a body of water, possibly subglacial, that was present in the axis of the valley. At Pointe Saint-Nicolas, a thick (> 35 m) ice-proximal sandy subaqueous fan was deposited during this event. The subaqueous fan is composed primarily of northwest-dipping turbidite sheets, with minor hyperconcentrated underflow channel fills and gravel-outwash deposits. By 11 200 14C BP, subaqueous fan sedimentation had stopped, and massive to rhythmically interbedded glaciomarine muds were being deposited. Introduction of muds into the basin promoted subaqueous slope failure and debris flowing locally. Between 10 950 and 10 800 14C BP, the Laurentide Ice Sheet readvanced southward onto the south shore, and deposited the subglacial St. Nicolas Till. With continued isostatic rebound and associated forced regression, tidal currents began to rework emergent coastal zones, and fluvial systems started to incise their valleys.
Résumé
Pendant la phase initiale de la déglaciation de la vallée du Saint-Laurent, dans la région à l’ouest de la ville de Québec, des eaux de fonte à haute énergie se sont déversées vers le nord dans une masse d’eau très probablement sous-glaciaire localisée dans l’axe de la vallée. Ce déversement est à l’origine d’un cône sableux de turbidité à pendage nord-ouest, associé à des dépôts de courants de fond hyperconcentrés et à des graviers et galets d’épandage proglaciaire. Vers 11 200 14C BP, des boues glaciomarines massives et des lits intercalés de rythmites sont déposés dans l’axe de la vallée enfoncée par glacioisostasie. Cet apport de boues marines engendre localement des glissements sous-aquatiques et des coulées de débris sur les pentes immergées. Entre 10 950 et 10 800 14C BP, l’Inlandsis laurentidien a progressé de nouveau jusque sur la rive sud de l’actuel Saint-Laurent et déposé le till sous-glaciaire de Saint-Nicolas. Les courants de marée ont ensuite remanié les littoraux progressivement émergés par relèvement glacioisostatique. Les réseaux fluviatiles ont commencé à inciser des vallées, en érodant et redéposant les dépôts antérieurs.
Resumen
En el valle del San Lorenzo justo al oeste de la ciudad de Quebec un deshielo precoz fue acompañado de una descarga enérgica de agua de fusión en dirección norte hacia un cuerpo de agua probablemente subglacial ya presente en el eje del valle. En Punta San Nicolas ese derrame dio origen a un depósito arenoso próximo al hielo de un espesor de 35 m en forma de cono. Dicho cono subacuático esta compuesto en primer lugar por capas de turbit del noroeste asociados en lo alto con corrientes de fondo hiperconcentradas y aluvión de grava. Hace aproximadamente 11 200 14C BP, la sedimentación del cono subacuático se detuvo y simultáneamente cantidades masivas de lodos glaciomarinos fueron depositados de manera rítmica. La introducción de lodo en la cuenca provocó la fractura de la pendiente subacuática y conllevo la acumulación de desechos localmente. Entre 10 950 y 10 800 14C BP, La Capa glacial Lorenzana avanzó nuevamente en dirección sur hasta la rivera originando el depósito subglacial de las tillitas de San Nicolas. Posteriormente, las corrientes de mareas fueron definiendo el litoral emergente mientras que el sistema fluvial fue provocando la ablación de los valles.
Parties annexes
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