Résumés
Abstract
Guptill and Wilkins (2002) employ the concept of “food citizenship” to argue that engaging people more fully in decision-making about their own food systems encourages alliances between food producers and eaters and helps to build sustainable food environments. In this article my focus is on the development of community food citizenship, a phrase I use to draw attention to the dynamics of including all residents in the creation of new food systems. Focusing on a community’s diversity – to include, for example, residents who are economically marginalized and those who are economically privileged, as well as residents who are food activists and those who are not – highlights the pedagogical dimensions of initiating and building food citizenship in particular places. To sketch out some of the tensions in and possibilities for community food citizenship, I focus here on the case of Windsor, Ontario, a once thriving automotive centre now facing high unemployment rates and economic hardship. My relationship to this particular case study is as a participant in community efforts to develop an alternative food system and as a researcher/educator who is currently studying this process.
Keywords:
- Local food,
- de-industrialization,
- food activism,
- public engagement
Résumé
Guptill et Wilkins (2002) s’appuient sur le concept de la « citoyenneté alimentaire » pour faire valoir que l’implication des personnes dans la prise de décision sur leurs propres systèmes d’approvisionnement alimentaire incite à la formation d’alliances entre les producteurs et consommateurs de denrées alimentaires et contribue à la création d’environnements alimentaires viables. Dans cet article, je m’intéresse au développement de la citoyenneté alimentaire communautaire, une notion à laquelle je me réfère afin d’attirer l’attention sur la dynamique qui vise à inclure tous les résidants dans la conception de nouveaux systèmes alimentaires. L’accent est mis sur la diversité communautaire qui se réfère, par exemple, aux résidents économiquement démunis et privilégiés, de même que les résidents qui défendent les droits alimentaires et ceux qui ne sont pas des militants. Cette perspective fait ressortir les dimensions pédagogiques liées à la mise en place et le renforcement de la citoyenneté alimentaire dans des lieux particuliers. Je présente une description sommaire des tensions que suscitent la citoyenneté alimentaire communautaire et les possibilités qui en résultent au moyen d’une étude de cas sur Windsor, Ontario, un ancien centre manufacturier de l’industrie automobile qui a déjà été prospère, mais qui fait face aujourd’hui à des taux de chômage élevés et de difficultés économiques. Les types de lien que j’entretiens avec la présente étude de cas sont d’abord comme participante dans les efforts communautaires visant à élaborer un système alimentaire alternatif et puis comme chercheure/éducatrice qui dirige présentement une étude de ce processus.
Mots-clés :
- Alimentation locale,
- désindustrialisation,
- activisme alimentaire,
- engagement public
Veuillez télécharger l’article en PDF pour le lire.
Télécharger
Parties annexes
Bibliography
- Appadurai, A. (1988). “How to Make a National Cuisine: Cookbooks in Contemporary India”, Comparative Studies in Society and History, vol. 30, issue 1, p. 3-24.
- Bane, P. (2010). “Expanding the Niche of Local Food: A city and regional plan”, Permaculture Activist, February, p. 3-9.
- Barlett, P. (2011). “Campus Sustainable Food Projects: Critique and Engagement”, American Anthropologist, vol. 113, issue 1, p. 101-115.
- Bascaramurty, D. (2012). “A City on Decline, and One on the Rise”, The Globe and Mail, Thursday, February 9, p. A14.
- Basok, T. (2002).Tortillas and Tomatoes, Montreal, McGill-Queen’s University Press, p. 192.
- Bickford, S. C. (2009). Detroit: Green, http://vimeo.com/7807954
- Blockland, T. (2009). “Celebrating Local Histories and Defining Neighbourhood Communities: Place-making in a gentrified neighbourhood”, Urban Studies, vol. 46, issue 8, p. 1593-1610.
- Bourdieu, P. (1984). Distinction: A social critique of the judgement of taste, Cambridge, Harvard University Press, p. 640.
- Braedley, S. and M. Luxton (eds) (2010). Neoliberalism and Everyday Life, Montréal, McGill Queen’s University Press, p. 248.
- Burawoy, M., J. Blum, S. M. George, and Z. Gilles (eds.) (2000). Global Ethnography: Forces, connections, and imaginations in a postmodern world, Berkeley, University of California Press, p. 410.
- Caldwell, M. (2002). “The taste of nationalism: food politics in post-socialist Moscow”, Ethnos, vol. 67, issue 3, p. 295–319.
- Caplan, P. (1994). Feasts, Fasts, Famine: Food for thought, Oxford, Berg, p. 35.
- City of Windsor (2012a), History of Windsor, www.windsorkiosk.com/history.php (accessed March 4, 2012).
- City of Windsor (2012b). Report No. 54 of the Social Development, Health and Culture Standing Committee, Windsor City Council meeting, January 23, 2012.
- City of Windsor (2011). Economic Revitalization Community Improvement Plan, p. 51.
- City of Windsor (2006). Community Strategic Plan, p. 12.
- Collins, J. (2005). “Deterritorialization and Workplace Culture’, reprinted in M. Edelman and A. Haugerud (eds.), The Anthropology of Development and Globalization, Oxford, Blackwell, p. 250-261.
- Comaroff, J. and J. Comaroff (eds.) (2001). Millennial Capitalism and theCulture of Neoliberalism, Durham, Duke University Press, p. 336.
- Cox, A. (2009). “The BlackLight Project and Public Scholarship: Young Black Women Perform Against and Through the Boundaries of Anthropology”, Transforming Anthropology, vol. 17, issue 1, p. 51-64.
- Desmarais, A. (2007). La Vía Campesina, Halifax, Fernwood, p. 192.
- Diner, H. (2001). Hungering for America, Cambridge and London, Harvard University Press, p. 320.
- Elias, N. (1983). The Civilizing Process, London, Wiley-Blackwell, p. 334.
- Escobar, A. (2001). “Culture Sits in Places: Reflections on globalism and subaltern strategies of localization”, Political Geography, vol. 20, issue 2, p. 139-174.
- Field, L., and R. Fox (eds.) Anthropology Put to Work, Oxford, Berg, p. 256.
- Food for Change (2009). Hungry for change: Working towards a more sustainable food system for Windsor-Essex County, VON Canada and Health Action Windsor-Essex, p. 47.
- Goody, J. (1996). Cooking, Cuisine and Class: A study in comparative Sociology, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, p. 264.
- Greenwoood, D., and M. Levin (2001). “Re-organizing Universities and ‘Knowing how’: University restructuring and knowledge creation for the twenty-first century”, Organization, vol. 8, issue 2, p. 433-40.
- Guptill, A. and J. L. Wilkins (2002). “Buying into the Food System: Trends in food retailing in the US and implications for local foods”, Agriculture and Human Values, vol. 19, p. 39–51.
- Hale, C. (2007). “In Praise of ‘Reckless Minds’: Making a Case for Activist Anthropology”, in L. Field, and R. Fox (eds.), Anthropology Put to Work, Oxford, Berg, p. 103-127.
- Hale, C. (ed.) (2008). Engaging Contradictions: Theory, politics, and Methods of Activist Scholarship, Berkeley, University of California Press, p. 417.
- Harcourt, W. and A. Escobar (eds.) (2005). Women and the Politics of Place, Kumarian, p. 288.
- Hoey, B. (2010). “Place for Personhood: Individual and Local Character in Lifestyle Migration”, City and Society, vol. 22, issue 2, p. 237-261.
- Johnston, J. and S. Bauman (2007). “Democracy versus Distinction: A study of omnivorousness in Gourmet Food Writing”, American Journal of Sociology, vol. 113, issue 1, p. 165-204.
- Larsen, K. and J. Gilliland (2008). “Mapping the Evolution of ‘food deserts’ in a Canadian City”, International Journal of Health Geographics, vol. 7, issue 16, p. 1-16.
- Leeder, J. (2011a). “Food Power to the People”, The Globe and Mail, April 18th, p. A6.
- Leeder, J. (2011b). “Eat the Vote”, The Globe and Mail, April 30th, p. F5.
- Lefebvre, H. (1991[1974]). The Production of Space, Oxford, Blackwell, p. 464.
- Lozada, E. Jr. (2000). “Globalized childhood? Kentucky Fried Chicken in Beijing”, in J. Jing (ed.), Feeding China’s Little Emperors: Food, children and social change, Stanford, Stanford University Press, p. 114–34.
- Lyon, S., and M. Moberg (eds). (2010). Fair Trade and Social Justice: Global ethnographies, New York, New York University Press, p. 307.
- Massey, D. (1994). Space, Place and Gender, Minneapolis, University of Minnesota Press, p. 288.
- Meneley, A. (2004). “Extra-Virgin Olive Oil and Slow Food”, Anthropologica, vol. 46, issue 2, p. 165-176.
- Mintz, S. (1985). Sweetness and Power: The Place of Sugar in Modern History, New York, Penguin, p. 320.
- Parkins, W., and G. Craig (2006). Slow Living, Oxford, Berg, p. 224.
- Paxson, H. (2010). “Locating Value in Artisan Cheese: Reverse engineering terroir for New World landscapes”, American Anthropologist, vol. 112, issue. 3, p. 444-57.
- Petrini, C. (2004). Slow Food: The case for taste, New York, Columbia University Press, p. 155.
- Phillips, L. (2010). “Genders, Spaces, Places”, International Studies Encyclopedia, R. Denemark (ed.), West Sussex, UK, Wiley-Blackwell Press, p. 2773-2790
- Phillips, L., S. Cole, M-E. Carrier-Moisan, and E. Lagalisse (Forthcoming). Contesting Publics: Feminism, Activism, Ethnography, London, Pluto Press.
- Prazniak, R., and A. Dirlik (eds). (2001). Places and Politics in an Age of Globalization, Lanham and Boulder, Rowman and Littlefield, p. 352.
- Rappaport, J. (2007). “Anthropological Collaborations in Colombia”, in L. Field, and R. Fox (eds.), Anthropology Put to Work, New York, Berg, p. 21-43.
- Rappaport, J. (2005). Intercultural Utopias: Public Intellectuals, Cultural Experimentation, and Ethnic Dialogue in Colombia, Durham, Duke University Press, p. 360.
- Raja, S., C. Ma, and P. Yadef (2008). “Beyond Food Deserts”, Journal of Planning Education and Research, vol. 27, p. 469.
- Ritzer G. (1993). The McDonaldization of Society, Thousand Oaks, CA, Pine Forge Press, p. 224.
- Rock, M., L. McIntyre and K. Rondeau (2009). “Discomforting Comfort Food”, Agriculture and Human Values, vol. 26, p. 167-176.
- Runk, D. (2010). “Detroit leads the way in urban farming”, The Christian Science Monitor, April 28.
- Sassen, S. (ed.) (2007). Deciphering the Global, Routledge, p. 352.
- Smart, J. (2004). Globalization and Modernity – A case study of cognac consumption in Hong Kong, Anthropologica, vol. 46, issue 2, p. 219-229.
- Smith, A. and J. MacKinnon (2007). The 100-Mile Diet: A year of local eating, Toronto, Random House, p. 272.
- Statistics Canada (2011). The Canadian Population in 2011: Population Counts and Growth, Ottawa, Statistics Canada, p. 26.
- Statistics Canada (2012). Labour Force Survey Estimates, Ottawa, Statistics Canada, www.statcan.gc.ca, accessed June 19, 2012.
- Tomlinson, J. (1999). Globalization and Culture, University of Chicago Press, p. 248.
- Trubek, A. (2008). The Taste of Place: A cultural journey into terroir, Berkeley, University of California Press, p. 320.
- Trubek, A. and S. Bowen, (2008). “Creating the Taste of Place in the United States: Can we learn from the French?”, GeoJournal, vol. 73, p. 23-30.
- United Way (2010a). Food Matters Report, United Way and Pathway to Potential, p. 40.
- United Way (2010b). Well-being Report 2009, United Way, p. 86.
- Watson, J. (ed.) (2006). Golden Arches East: McDonald’s in East Asia, Stanford, Stanford University Press, 2nd ed., p. 280.
- Wekerle, G. (2004). “Food Justice Movements: Policy, planning and networks”, Journal of Planning Education and Research, vol. 23, p. 378-386.
- Zukin, S. (2011). Reconstructing the Authenticity of Place, Theory and Society, vol. 40, Issue 2, p. 161–165.