Résumés
Abstract
Imperial tales of heroic exploration have had long-lasting effects on the construction of colonial landscapes and of hegemonies of masculinity centered on whiteness, physical strength, and endurance. This paper examines the renewal of such heroic polar explorer narratives in recent times, and how recurring stories tend to re-create as well as produce new hegemonies around gender and race. Through a case study of the expedition of Brigitte Bardot on the Canadian ice shield in 1977 with the intent of saving baby seals, this paper looks at neocolonial implications of a contemporary polar expedition narrative as told by a female “hero”. We argue that BB’s story is “maternalist” in that it is symbolically benevolent but reaffirms colonial authority on Inuit lands and practices based on a discourse of moral virtue and emotional care. Interestingly, the framing of seal pups as “babies” has constructed the act of sealing as gendered and motherhood as an important standpoint for both anti-sealing activism and Inuit pro-sealing resistance.
Keywords:
- Gender studies,
- neo-imperialism,
- maternalism,
- hegemony,
- Brigitte Bardot,
- seal hunt,
- environmental activism,
- Inuit
Résumé
Cet article se penche sur le renouvellement de ces récits d’explorateurs polaires « héroïques » à l’époque contemporaine, notamment à la manière dont les récits tendent à recréer et à produire de nouvelles hégémonies de genre et de race. À travers une étude de cas de l’expédition de Brigitte Bardot sur la banquise canadienne en 1977 pour « sauver les bébés phoques », cet article examine les implications néocoloniales d’un récit d’expédition polaire contemporain raconté par une héroïne. Nous soutenons que le récit de BB est « maternaliste », en ce sens qu’il est symboliquement bienveillant, mais qu’il réaffirme l’autorité coloniale sur les territoires et le mode de vie des Inuit selon un discours de vertu morale et d’affection. Le fait de présenter les blanchons comme des « bébés » construit la chasse au phoque comme un phénomène genré, et la maternité comme une position privilégiée dans le débat.
Mots-clés :
- Études féministes,
- néo-impérialisme,
- maternalisme,
- hégémonie,
- Brigitte Bardot,
- chasse aux phoques,
- activisme environnemental
Parties annexes
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