Résumés
Résumé
Cadre de recherche : La récidive d’un cancer chez l’enfant nécessite de nouvelles significations et stratégies pour que la famille puisse faire face à cette phase. La manière dont les hommes gèrent les situations de maladie infantile est influencée par les normes sociales, les croyances et les valeurs culturelles. Ainsi, l’anthropologie médicale et les masculinités ont été choisies comme cadres théoriques de cette étude.
Objectifs : Cet article examine les expériences des pères d’enfants atteints d’une récidive de cancer.
Méthodologie : La recherche narrative a été menée auprès de 13 pères brésiliens. Les données ont été recueillies au moyen d’entretiens approfondis semi-structurés, puis traitées par une analyse thématique inductive.
Résultats : Une synthèse narrative thématique a été élaborée : « les bons jours, les mauvais jours : oscillation entre la résignation de la mort et l’espoir de guérison ». L’annonce de la récidive en conjonction avec les signes d’aggravation clinique de l’enfant a rapproché les pères des limites du traitement et de la finitude de la vie, bien qu’ils aient aussi présenté un espoir de guérison. Les pères ont hésité entre l’élaboration de stratégies centrées sur les émotions et l’adoption de comportements et de stratégies pour se réengager dans la vie. En plus de maintenir l’espoir, les pères ont mobilisé les ressources suivantes : la religion, la spiritualité et le soutien émotionnel et instrumental.
Conclusion : La culture, en particulier les masculinités, influence et est influencée par les expériences paternelles tout au long d’une récidive de cancer de l’enfant.
Contribution : Mieux connaître les particularités des expériences masculines facilite le développement d’interventions spécifiques aux pères. Les soins palliatifs peuvent leur apporter des avantages, puisqu’ils les aident à prendre conscience de la finitude et à débuter un processus de deuil anticipé, contribuant à donner un sens à l’expérience et à se résigner à un éventuel décès.
Mots-clés :
- cancer,
- culture,
- enfant,
- paternité,
- père,
- masculinités,
- recherche qualitative
Abstract
Research Framework: Childhood cancer relapse requires new meanings and new strategies for the family to cope with this phase. The way men deal with situations of childhood illness is influenced by social norms, beliefs, and cultural values. Therefore, medical anthropology and masculinities were chosen as theoretical frameworks of this study.
Objectives: This article examines the experiences of fathers of children with cancer relapse.
Methodology: Narrative research conducted with 13 Brazilian fathers. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, using a semi-structured script and then processed through inductive thematic analysis.
Results: A thematic narrative synthesis was elaborated: “Good days, bad days: oscillating between the resignation of death and the hope of healing”. The news of the relapse in conjunction with the child’s signs of clinical worsening brought the fathers closer to the limits of treatment and the finitude of life, although they also presented with hope for a cure. As a result, fathers wavered between building emotion-centred strategies and adopting life-engaging behaviours and strategies. In addition to maintaining hope, fathers mobilized the following resources: religion, spirituality, and emotional and instrumental support.
Conclusion: Culture, especially masculinities, influence and is influenced by fathers’ experiences throughout a child’s cancer relapse.
Contribution: A better understanding of the particularities of men’s experiences facilitates the development of father-specific interventions. Palliative care can benefit fathers by helping them become aware of finitude and begin a process anticipatory mourning, which contributes to making sense of the experience and coming to terms with possible death.
Keywords:
- cancer,
- culture,
- child,
- fatherhood,
- father,
- masculinities,
- qualitative research
Resumen
Marco de la investigación: La recurrencia del cáncer infantil requiere nuevos significados y nuevas estrategias para que la familia enfrente esta fase. La forma en que los hombres afrontan las situaciones de enfermedad infantil está influida por las normas sociales, las creencias y los valores culturales. Por lo tanto, la antropología médica y las masculinidades fueron elegidas como marcos teóricos de este estudio.
Objetivos: Examinar las experiencias de padres de niños con recaída de cáncer.
Metodología: Investigación narrativa realizada con 13 padres brasileños. Los datos fueron recolectados a través de entrevistas en profundidad, utilizando una guía semiestructurada, y luego procesados a través de análisis temático inductivo.
Resultados: Se elaboró una síntesis narrativa temática: “Días buenos, días malos: oscilando entre la resignación a la muerte y la esperanza de la curación”. La noticia de la recaída, junto con los signos de empeoramiento clínico del niño, llevaron a los padres a los límites del tratamiento y a la finitud de la vida, aunque también tuvieran la esperanza de la curación. Como resultado, los padres oscilaron entre desarrollar estrategias centradas en las emociones y adoptar comportamientos y estrategias para volver a participar en la vida. Además de mantener la esperanza, los padres han mobilizado los siguientes recursos: la religión, la espiritualidad y el apoyo emocional e instrumental.
Conclusión: La cultura, especialmente las masculinidades, influye y es influenciada por las vivencias de los padres durante la recaída del cáncer del niño.
Contribución: Conocer las particularidades de las experiencias masculinas facilita el desarrollo de intervenciones específicas para el padre. Los cuidados paliativos pueden traer beneficios a los padres, ya que les ayudan a tomar conciencia de la finitud y a procesar el duelo anticipado, lo que contribuye a la construcción de sentido y resignación de una posible muerte.
Palabras clave:
- cáncer,
- niño,
- cultura,
- padre,
- paternidad,
- masculinidades,
- investigación cualitativa
Parties annexes
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