Résumés
Résumé
Cet article vise à dresser un portrait de la qualité des interactions dans les classes de deuxième maternelle (soit des enfants âgés de 4 à 5 ans) en Belgique francophone et à dévoiler les profils d’interaction présents chez le corps enseignant. L’outil CLASS® Pre-K (Classroom Assessment Scoring System®) a permis d’observer la qualité des interactions auprès de 92 personnes enseignantes. Nos résultats démontrent que, pour le soutien émotionnel et l’organisation de la classe, très peu de personnes enseignantes (respectivement 3 % et 6 % de l’échantillon) obtiennent des scores faibles. À l’inverse, pour le soutien à l’apprentissage, la majorité de notre population (90 %) est caractérisée par des scores faibles et seulement 10 % des personnes enseignantes atteignent des scores de qualité moyenne. Nos données dévoilent également cinq profils d’interaction distincts, dont deux profils se caractérisant par des scores élevés au soutien émotionnel et à l’organisation de la classe, et trois profils se définissant par des scores très faibles au soutien à l’apprentissage. Cet article confirme toute l’importance de tenir compte des particularités de chaque profil de la qualité des interactions, et d’individualiser des dispositifs de développement professionnel sur cette base. Cette émergence de l’individualisation des dispositifs est effectivement prometteuse pour atteindre une amélioration des pratiques enseignantes qui soutiennent l’oral des enfants.
Mots-clés :
- qualité des interactions,
- Classroom Assessment Scoring System,
- CLASS®,
- personnel enseignant,
- maternelle
Abstract
This article aims to characterize the quality of interactions in kindergarten 2 classes (children aged 4 to 5 years old) in French-speaking Belgium and to reveal different types of teacher interaction profiles. The CLASS® Pre-K tool (Classroom Assessment Scoring System®) was used to observe the quality of interactions with 92 teachers. Our results show that for emotional support and classroom organization, very few teachers (respectively 3% and 6% of the sample) had a low score. On the other hand, for learning support, the majority of our population (90%) received low scores and only 10% of teachers achieved average quality scores. Our data also reveal five distinct interaction profiles, including two with high scores for emotional support and classroom organization, and three with very low scores for learning support. This article confirms the importance of considering the characteristics of each interaction quality profile, and of individualizing professional development mechanisms on this basis. The emergence of the individualization of mechanisms is a promising avenue for the improvement of teaching practices that support the development of children’s oral communication skills.
Resumen
Este artículo busca realizar una descripción de la calidad de las interacciones en las clases de segundo en jardín de la infancia (entre 4 y 5 años) en Bélgica francófona y mostrar los perfiles de interacción presentes entre el cuerpo docente. El instrumento CLASS® Pre-K (Classroom Assessmente Scoring System®) permitió observar la calidad de las interacciones entre 92 personas docentes. Los resultados muestran que, para el apoyo emotivo y la organización de la clase, muy pocos maestras (respectivamente 3% y 6% de la muestra) obtienen puntajes bajos. Por otro lado, en el apoyo al aprendizaje, la mayoría de la población (90%) se caracteriza por puntajes bajos y solamente 10% de las maestras logran puntajes de calidad media. Nuestros datos muestran asimismo cinco perfiles de interacción diferentes, entre ellos dos perfiles que se caracterizan por sus puntajes elevados en apoyo emotivo y en la organización de la clase, y tres perfiles que se definen por puntajes muy bajos en el apoyo al aprendizaje. Este artículo confirma la importancia de tomar en consideración las particularidades de cada perfil de la calidad de las interacciones, de individualizar los planes de desarrollo profesional sobre esta base. El surgimiento de la individualilzación de los planes es prometedora para el logro del mejoramiento de las actividades docentes que apoyan lo oral en los niños.
Parties annexes
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