Résumés
Résumé
La radicalisation violente est un phénomène social aux contours imprécis et au fort investissement politique, qui concerne principalement les jeunes en ce qui a trait au passage à l’acte. Plusieurs pays occidentaux composent avec ce phénomène en optant pour une réponse sécuritaire, dans laquelle une étroite collaboration entre le champ de l’éducation et les forces de l’ordre est encouragée. Cet article explore les enjeux liés au resserrement des liens entre l’école et les forces de sécurité en matière de prévention de la radicalisation violente. Bien que le recul et les données probantes manquent pour tirer un bilan complet de ces relations, certaines recherches, consacrées à l’impact de la guerre au terrorisme sur les jeunes et sur la sécurisation des écoles américaines en réponse aux fusillades scolaires, appellent à la retenue. À la lumière de ces travaux, le présent article soutient qu’il est nécessaire d’établir des frontières claires entre les mandats de l’école et ceux des forces de sécurité. L’importance de ces pare-feu doit être mise de l’avant dans la formation du personnel scolaire en prévention de la radicalisation violente, afin de préserver la capacité de l’école à se poser en espace qui favorise le développement d’une pensée critique et d’une conscience de l’Autre.
Abstract
Violent radicalization is a social phenomenon with vague contours and strong political investment. Those mainly at risk of becoming involved are young people. Several Western countries are dealing with this phenomenon by opting for a security response, encouraging close collaboration between education and law enforcement. This article explores issues related to strengthening connections between the school and law enforcement for the prevention of violent radicalization. While there is a lack of evidence that would be needed to paint a full picture of these relationships, some studies on the impact of the War on Terror on young people and securing American schools in response to school shootings call for restraint. In light of these studies, this article argues that clear boundaries must be established between the mandates of the school and the police. The importance of these firewalls must be emphasized in the training school personnel in the prevention of violent radicalization in order to preserve the school’s ability to be a place that promotes the development of critical thinking and awareness of the Other.
Resumen
La radicalización violenta es un fenómeno social con contornos borrosos y con una fuerte carga política, que concierne principalmente a los jóvenes en lo que se refiere a pasar al acto.. Varios países occidentales trabajan sobre el fenómeno optando por una propuesta de seguridad, en donde se alienta la estrecha colaboración entre el medio educativo y las fuerzas del orden. Este artículo explora los retos relacionados con el estrechamiento de relaciones entre la escuela y las fuerzas de seguridad en materia de prevención de la radicalización violenta. Aunque nos falta distancia y datos fidedignos para hacer un balance completo de dichas relaciones, ciertas investigaciones, consagradas al impacto de la guerra al terrorismo sobre los jóvenes y sobre la seguridad en las escuelas americanas como respuesta a las balaceras en las escuelas, apelan a la moderación. A la luz de esos trabajos, el presente artículo afirma que es necesario establecer fronteras claras entre la misión de la escuela y la de las fuerzas de seguridad. La importancia de dicha barrera debe tenerse en cuenta durante la formación del personal docente en prevención de la radicalización violenta, con el fin de preservar la capacidad de la escuela para dotarse de un espacio favorable al desarrollo de un pensamiento crítico y de una consciencia del Otro.
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