Résumés
Résumé
Dans la prévention et le traitement de l’anxiété, les approches dites de troisième vague basées sur la pleine conscience sont de plus en plus d’actualité. L’objectif de cet article est de décrire les stratégies novatrices basées sur la pleine conscience dans le traitement et la prévention de l’anxiété chez les enfants et les adolescents, particulièrement en milieu scolaire. Les principales interventions basées sur la pleine conscience dans le traitement de l’anxiété auprès des adultes, de même que leur efficacité, sont d’abord présentées. Sont ensuite abordées la pertinence, la faisabilité et l’efficacité de ces interventions adaptées aux enfants et aux adolescents, en particulier pour la prévention de l’anxiété en milieu scolaire. Les évaluations des stratégies basées sur la pleine conscience confirment leur pertinence et leur efficacité dans le traitement et la prévention de l’anxiété chez les enfants et les adolescents. Cependant, les études d’efficacité menées en milieu scolaire sont encore peu nombreuses. La pleine conscience s’avère néanmoins intéressante, d’autant plus qu’elle stimule le développement des capacités d’attention et de concentration. De plus, elle suscite l’intérêt des jeunes et des différents acteurs en milieu scolaire. Pour terminer, un survol de quelques enjeux et avantages liés à l’implantation de ces stratégies en milieu scolaire est proposé.
Abstract
In the prevention and treatment of anxiety, so-called third wave approaches based on mindfulness are increasingly topical. The objective of this article is to present innovative strategies based on mindfulness in the treatment and prevention of anxiety in children and adolescents, particularly in the school environment. The main mindfulness-based interventions for the treatment of anxiety in adults, as well as their effectiveness, are also presented. Then the relevance, feasibility and effectiveness of these interventions adapted to children and adolescents are discussed, particularly for the prevention of anxiety in the school environment. Assessments of mindfulness-based strategies confirm their relevance and effectiveness in the treatment and prevention of anxiety in children and adolescents. However, few efficacy studies have been conducted in the school environment. Mindfulness nevertheless proves interesting, especially since it stimulates the development of attention and concentration abilities. It also arouses the interest of young people and a variety of stakeholders in the schools. In conclusion, an overview of some issues and advantages related to the implementation of these strategies in the school is presented.
Resumen
En la prevención y el tratamiento de la ansiedad, los enfoques denominados de la tercera ola basados en la plena consciencia se han vuelto cada vez más actuales. El objetivo de este artículo es presentar las estrategias innovadoras basadas en la consciencia plena del tratamiento y la prevención de la ansiedad entre los niños y los adolescentes, particularmente en el medio escolar. Las principales intervenciones basadas en la plena consciencia en el tratamiento de la ansiedad entre los adultos, así como su eficacidad, se presentan al inicio del artículo. Después, se aborda la pertinencia, la factibilidad y la eficacia de dichas intervenciones adaptadas para los niños y los adolescentes, en particular para la prevención de la ansiedad en el medio escolar. Las evaluaciones de las estrategias basadas en la plena consciencia confirman su pertinencia y su eficacidad en el tratamiento y la prevención de la ansiedad entre los niños y los adolescentes. Sin embargo, los estudios sobre la eficacidad realizados en el medio escolar son escasos. La plena consciencia parece no obstante interesante sobre todo porque estimula el desarrollo de las capacidades de atención y de concentración. Además, suscita el interés de los jóvenes y de los diferentes interventores en el medio escolar. Al terminar, se presentan un vistazo de algunos de los retos y ventajas ligadas a la implantación de dichas estrategias en el medio escolar.
Parties annexes
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