Résumés
Résumé
Le sentiment d’auto-efficacité parental (SAEP) et la présence de détresse psychologique chez des parents ayant une consommation problématique d’alcool ou de drogues pourraient contribuer à expliquer la relation entre la consommation et l’exercice de la parentalité. À l’aide d’un échantillon composé de 81 parents en traitement pour une dépendance, cette étude vise à vérifier si (1) le niveau de SAEP est corrélé à la gravité de la consommation (alcool et drogues), à la sévérité de la détresse psychologique, à la qualité des pratiques éducatives et à la relation parent-enfant et si (2) la sévérité de la détresse psychologique contribue à expliquer la relation entre le SAEP et les pratiques éducatives, ainsi que la relation entre le SAEP et la relation parent-enfant. Si les résultats n’indiquent pas de corrélations entre le SAEP et la gravité de la consommation, ils indiquent que le SAEP est significativement et positivement corrélé aux comportements éducatifs positifs et aux attitudes chaleureuses/affectueuses, mais significativement et négativement corrélé au sentiment dépressif, à une discipline inconstante ainsi qu’à des attitudes parentales hostiles/agressives et négligentes/indifférentes. La détresse psychologique (anxiété et dépression) est quant à elle significativement et positivement corrélée à la gravité de la consommation (alcool et drogues) et à la présence d’une discipline inconstante, mais significativement et négativement corrélée à une supervision lacunaire. Enfin, les symptômes anxieux sont significativement et positivement corrélés aux attitudes parentales hostiles/agressives et aux attitudes négligentes/indifférentes et négativement aux attitudes chaleureuses/affectueuses. À lui seul, le SAEP permet d’expliquer les comportements éducatifs positifs, ainsi que les attitudes hostiles/agressives du parent envers son enfant. En ajoutant le sentiment anxieux, les variables permettent d’expliquer conjointement la supervision lacunaire et les trois variables attitudes parentales (chaleureuses/affectueuses, négligentes/indifférentes et hostiles/agressives). Finalement, le genre du parent combiné au SAEP permet d’expliquer une partie de la variance de la discipline inconstante. Les résultats obtenus laissent croire que d’autres facteurs pourraient expliquer la qualité de la parentalité chez des parents ayant une dépendance à l’alcool et aux drogues et invitent à poursuivre les recherches en ce sens.
Mots-clés :
- sentiment d’auto-efficacité parental,
- consommation problématique alcool/drogues,
- détresse psychologique,
- pratiques éducatives,
- relation parent/enfant
Abstract
Parental self-efficacy (PSE) and the presence of psychological distress in parents with problematic substance use may help explain the relationship between substance abuse and parenting. This study, using a sample of 81 parents in treatment for substance abuse, investigates whether (1) the level of PSE correlates with the severity of substance use, the severity of psychological distress, the quality of child-rearing practices, and the parent-child relationship, and whether (2) the severity of psychological distress helps explain the relationship between PSE and child-rearing practices, as well as the relationship between PSE and the parent-child relationship. While the results did not yield any significant correlations between PSE and severity of use, results did demonstrate that PSE was significantly and positively correlated with positive parenting behaviors and warm/affectionate attitudes, but significantly and negatively correlated with feelings of depression, inconsistent discipline, and hostile/aggressive and neglectful/indifferent parenting attitudes. Psychological distress (anxiety and depression) was significantly and positively correlated with the severity of substance use (alcohol and drugs) and the presence of inconsistent discipline, but significantly and negatively correlated with insufficient supervision. Anxiety symptoms were also significantly and positively correlated with hostile/aggressive parental attitudes and neglectful/indifferent attitudes and negatively correlated with warm/affectionate attitudes. PSE alone explains positive parenting behaviors, as well as hostile/aggressive parenting attitudes of the parent toward the child. By adding anxious feelings, the variables jointly explain the lack of supervision and the three parental attitudes variables (warm/affectionate, neglectful/indifferent, and hostile/aggressive). Finally, parent gender combined with PSE explained some of the variance in inconsistent discipline. Results suggest that other factors may explain the quality of parenting among parents with problematic alcohol and drug use. Further research in this area is needed to explore these factors.
Keywords:
- parental self-efficacy,
- alcohol/drug misuse,
- psychological distress,
- parenting practices,
- parent/child relationship
Resumen
El sentimiento de autoeficacia parental (SAEP) y la presencia de sufrimiento psicológico entre los padres o madres que presentan un consumo problemático de alcohol o de drogas podría contribuir a explicar la relación entre el consumo y el ejercicio de la paternidad/maternidad. Por medio de una muestra compuesta por 81 padres y madres en tratamiento por una dependencia, este estudio apunta a verificar si 1) el nivel de SAEP se correlaciona con la gravedad del consumo (alcohol y drogas), con la severidad del malestar psicológico, con la calidad de las prácticas educativas y con la relación parental/filial y 2) si la severidad del sufrimiento psicológico contribuye a explicar la relación entre el SAEP y las prácticas educativas, así como la relación entre el SAEP y la relación parental/filial. Si los resultados no indican correlaciones entre el SAEP y la gravedad del consumo, señalan que el SAEP está significativa y positivamente correlacionado con los comportamientos educativos positivos y con las actitudes calurosas o afectuosas, pero significativa y negativamente correlacionado con el sentimiento depresivo, con una disciplina inconstante y con actitudes parentales hostiles o agresivas y negligentes o indiferentes. El sufrimiento psicológico (ansiedad y depresión) está significativa y positivamente correlacionado con la gravedad del consumo (alcohol y drogas) y la presencia de una disciplina inconstante, pero significativa y negativamente correlacionado con una supervisión lacunar. Finalmente, los síntomas ansiosos están significativa y positivamente correlacionados con las actitudes parentales hostiles o agresivas y con las actitudes negligentes o indiferentes y negativamente con las actitudes calurosas o afectuosas. Por sí mismo, el SAEP permite explicar los comportamientos educativos positivos y las actitudes hostiles o agresivas de un padre o una madre para con su hija o hijo. Al agregar el sentimiento ansioso, las variables permiten explicar conjuntamente la supervisión lacunar y las tres variables de las actitudes parentales (calurosas o afectuosas, negligentes o indiferentes y hostiles o agresivas). Finalmente, el tipo de padre o madre combinado al SAEP permite explicar una parte de la varianza de la disciplina inconstante. Los resultados obtenidos permiten pensar que otros factores podrían explicar la calidad de la parentalidad entre los padres o madres que presentan una dependencia al alcohol y a las drogas e invitan a proseguir las investigaciones en este sentido.
Palabras clave:
- sentimiento de auto eficacia parental,
- consumo problemático de alcohol o drogas,
- malestar psicológico,
- prácticas educativas,
- relación parental/filial
Parties annexes
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