Résumés
Abstract
Canada is a culturally diverse receiving country for transnational migration, and social workers are among the professional migrants who arrive in Canada each year. This article draws on findings from a four-year, grounded theory study on the professional adaptation processes and experiences of migrant social workers (n = 66) in the Canadian context. Study findings highlight a range of internal (personal) attributes and external (contextual) elements that interact to serve as either protective or vulnerabilizing factors during the pre-employment phase of professional adaptation. The focus of this article is to describe the interactions of protective and vulnerabilizing factors associated with the experience of obtaining recognition of foreign credentials and securing employment as a social worker in Canada. The findings demonstrate that migrant social workers in Canada face significant barriers in these two pre-employment phases of professional adaptation. A range of research and policy implications is identified. In particular, we highlight the disconnect that exists between Canada’s migration-friendly policies, and the lack of organizational and governmental supports and services to facilitate successful labour market integration of migrant social workers.
Keywords:
- Professional adaptation,
- international migration,
- foreign credential recognition,
- labour market integration,
- grounded theory
Résumé
Le Canada est une société culturellement diversifiée reconnue comme pays d’accueil pour la migration transnationale. Les travailleurs sociaux font partie des migrants professionnels qui arrivent au Canada tous les ans. Le présent article se fonde sur les données d’une étude théorique à base empirique de quatre ans sur les procédés d’adaptation professionnelle et sur l’expérience des travailleurs sociaux migrants (n = 66) dans le contexte canadien. L’étude expose une série d’attributs personnels (facteurs internes) et d’éléments contextuels (facteurs externes) qui interviennent pour protéger ou vulnérabiliser le migrant lors de la phase d’adaptation professionnelle préalable à l’emploi. L’article vise à décrire les interactions entre les facteurs de protection et de vulnérabilisation qui sont associés aux efforts déployés par le migrant pour faire reconnaître ses titres de compétences étrangers et trouver un emploi comme travailleur social au Canada. Les résultats montrent que les travailleurs sociaux qui immigrent au Canada doivent surmonter d’importants obstacles lors de ces deux étapes de l’adaptation professionnelle préalable à l’emploi. L’article dégage un ensemble de répercussions au niveau de la recherche et des politiques. Il met notamment en lumière le décalage entre les politiques canadiennes favorables à la migration et le manque de soutien et de services de la part d’organismes et du gouvernement pour faciliter l’insertion des travailleurs sociaux migrants dans le marché du travail.
Mots-clés :
- adaptation professionnelle,
- migration internationale,
- reconnaissance de titres de compétences étrangers,
- insertion sur le marché du travail,
- théorie empirique
Parties annexes
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