Résumés
Résumé
Depuis quelques années, les chercheurs et les intervenants qui oeuvrent dans le domaine de la supervision communautaire des personnes contrevenantes réclament un nouveau paradigme de surveillance, fondé sur une compréhension du processus de désistement. Le présent article examine ce processus à partir d’un échantillon de 28 jeunes femmes enceintes ou mères qui ont des antécédents criminels et des dépendances à des substances psychoactives. Leurs expériences sont analysées en fonction des concepts de capital social et de capital humain. Les résultats mettent en évidence les avantages du capital social alors que, dans les faits, ces femmes ont des réseaux sociaux extrêmement limités, comptant peu de pairs positifs, des familles ayant peu de ressources et, souvent, des relations amoureuses abusives. S’ajoutent à cela les obstacles à l’éducation et à l’emploi auxquels se heurtent les femmes dont les enfants sont en bas âge. L’analyse se termine par des recommandations pour optimiser l’assistance au désistement et au rétablissement des femmes ayant des antécédents criminels et de toxicomanie.
Mots-clés :
- Désistement assisté,
- maternité,
- femmes,
- toxicomanie
Abstract
In recent years both scholars and those who provide community supervision of offenders have called for a new supervision paradigm grounded in an understanding of the desistance process. The current inquiry examines this process in a community-based sample of 28 young pregnant or parenting women with histories of substance dependence and criminal offending. Their experiences are explored through the concepts of social and human capital. The results demonstrate the advantages of social capital but reveal the reality of extremely limited social networks for these women, including few positive peers, under-resourced families, and, frequently, abusive romantic relationships. Additionally, women parenting young children in these adverse contexts face significant barriers to obtaining education and employment. The analysis concludes with recommendations for supporting desistance and recovery in this population.
Keywords:
- Assisted desistance,
- motherhood,
- women,
- substance use
Resumen
En los años recientes, tanto los académicos como los profesionales de la supervisión comunitaria de delincuentes han llamado a un nuevo paradigma de la supervisión, anclado en una comprensión del proceso de desistimiento. El presente estudio examina este proceso en una muestra de tipo comunitario de 28 mujeres embarazadas o madres, con historias de dependencia a substancias o de delitos criminales. Sus experiencias son exploradas por medio de los conceptos de capital social y humano. Los resultados demuestran las ventajas del capital social, pero a la vez una realidad de redes sociales extremadamente limitadas para las mujeres que incluye pocos pares positivos, familias de escasos recursos y, frecuentemente, relaciones románticas abusivas. Adicionalmente, las mujeres madres de niños chiquitos en estos contextos adversos enfrentan barreras a la educación y al empleo. El análisis concluye con recomendaciones para sostener el desistimiento y la recuperación en esta población.
Palabras clave:
- Desistimiento asistido,
- maternidad,
- mujeres,
- abuso de sustancias
Parties annexes
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