Résumés
Résumé
Au cours des dernières années, les chercheurs ont observé l’émergence de communautés sur des sites Web permettant les interactions sociales, dont le groupe Anonymous. Dans la littérature, les avis sont partagés quant à la vraie nature de ce groupe. Certains mentionnent que ce sont des délinquants anarchistes, d’autres affirment qu’il s’agit d’une simple communauté en ligne partageant les mêmes idéologies, et d’autres encore pensent que le groupe représente un mouvement social émergeant. Considérant qu’il est difficile de donner un portrait précis de ce qu’est le mouvement Anonymous et que très peu de connaissances sont disponibles à ce jour quant à sa dynamique, la présente recherche a pour principal objectif de brosser le portrait des communautés en ligne s’identifiant à Anonymous au Canada, et ce, en tenant compte des éventuelles différences d’une région à l’autre et d’un sous-groupe à l’autre. En analysant les publications Facebook de différentes pages s’identifiant à Anonymous au Canada, les types et les thèmes des publications les plus populaires ont été échantillonnés. L’analyse montre que tous les sous-groupes s’engagent de façon active dans la prise de position dans des débats sociaux et politiques. De plus, certains sous-groupes appellent plus que d’autres à la prise d’action concrète pour défendre leurs opinions, mais en général, la prise d’action est plutôt rare. Il semble que dans le contexte des communautés Facebook, il est difficile de voir que les sous-groupes d’Anonymous se distinguent de toutes les autres communautés destinées à dénoncer des situations conflictuelles dans la société.
Mots-clés :
- Facebook,
- Anonymous,
- communauté en ligne,
- activisme,
- sources ouvertes
Abstract
During the last few years, researchers have observed the emergence of communities on websites devoted to social interaction. Anonymous is one of these communities and opinions are divided as to the true nature of this group. Some feel that they are criminal anarchists, others hold that it is a simple online community of people who share the same ideologies, and still others believe that the group represents an emerging social movement. It is difficult to give a precise picture of what the Anonymous movement is and very little knowledge is available so far about its dynamics. The main purpose of this research is to increase knowledge about the online communities who identify with Anonymous in Canada, taking into account differences between regions and subgroups. Analyzing Facebook publications on different pages that identify with Anonymous in Canada provided a sample of the types and themes of the most popular publications. The analysis shows that all subgroups are actively engaged in taking positions in social and political debates. In addition, some sub-groups call for more concrete actions to defend their opinion but, in general, calls to action are rare. In the context of Facebook communities, Anonymous’s subgroups do not seem to stand out from any other communities that denounce conflicting situations in society.
Keywords:
- Facebook,
- Anonymous,
- online communities,
- activism,
- open source
Resumen
En los últimos años, los investigadores han observado la emergencia de comunidades existentes en sitios Web que permiten interactuar socialmente, como el grupo Anonymous. En la literatura, las posiciones están divididas en cuanto a la verdadera naturaleza de este grupo. Algunos mencionan que son delincuentes anarquistas. Otros afirman que se trata de una simple comunidad en línea, que comparte las mismas ideologías. Otros piensan que el grupo representa un movimiento social emergente. Considerando que es difícil dar un retrato preciso de lo que es el movimiento Anonymous, y que hasta el día de hoy existen muy pocos conocimientos sobre su dinámica, esta investigación tiene como objetivo principal esbozar el retrato de las comunidades en línea que se identifican con Anonymous en Canadá, y esto, teniendo en cuenta las diferencias eventuales de una región a la otra, y de un subgrupo al otro. Analizando las publicaciones de Facebook de diferentes páginas identificándose con Anonymous en Canadá, los tipos y los temas de las publicaciones más populares fueron muestreados. El análisis muestra que todos los subgrupos se comprometen activamente en la toma de posición en los debates sociales y políticos. Además, algunos subgrupos más que otros llaman a tomar acciones concretas para defender sus opiniones, pero, en general, la toma de acciones es rara. Pareciera que en el contexto de las comunidades de Facebook, es difícil ver que los subgrupos de Anonymous se diferencian de todas las otras comunidades destinadas a denunciar situaciones conflictivas en la sociedad.
Palabras clave:
- Facebook,
- Anonymous,
- comunidad en línea,
- activismo,
- fuentes abiertas
Parties annexes
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