Résumés
Résumé
L’objectif de cette synthèse des connaissances est de donner un aperçu des études scientifiques publiées sur les attitudes des intervenants en santé mentale envers l’euthanasie et le suicide assisté. Une recherche a été menée dans les bases de données Medline, PsycInfo et Embase ; onze articles répondant aux critères d’inclusion ont été sélectionnés. Les résultats montrent que les intervenants en santé mentale ont généralement des attitudes positives envers l’euthanasie et le suicide assisté, avec des attitudes un peu plus favorables envers ce dernier que pour l’euthanasie. Plusieurs études ont montré une corrélation négative entre l’importance de la religion et leurs attitudes ainsi qu’avec l’expérience professionnelle. Le lien entre les attitudes et d’autres caractéristiques personnelles (par ex. : le genre, l’âge, le niveau d’éducation) n’est toutefois pas constant d’une étude à l’autre. Des enjeux particuliers sur le plan de la méthodologie doivent être considérés dans l’interprétation des résultats, dont des différences dans les définitions et la terminologie utilisée, ainsi que dans la formulation des questions. Le lien entre les expériences personnelles et les attitudes envers l’euthanasie ou le suicide assisté devrait faire l’objet de recherches futures.
Mots-clés :
- Euthanasie,
- suicide assisté,
- intervenants en santé mentale,
- attitudes,
- aide médicale à mourir
Abstract
This knowledge synthesis provides an overview of published studies on the attitudes of mental health workers towards euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide. A search of the Medline, PsycInfo, and Embase databases located eleven articles that met the inclusion criteria and form the basis of this review. The results show that mental health workers generally have positive attitudes towards euthanasia and assisted suicide, with slightly more favorable attitudes toward physician-assisted suicide than toward euthanasia. Several studies showed a negative correlation between religious commitment and attitudes toward euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide, as well as a negative correlation reflecting experience with professionals. The relationship between attitudes and other personal characteristics (e.g., gender, age, education) is not consistent across studies. Specific methodological issues must be considered in interpreting the results, including differences in the definitions and terminology used, as well as in the way questions are formulated. The link between personal experiences and attitudes toward euthanasia or assisted suicide should be the subject of future research.
Keywords:
- Euthanasia,
- assisted suicide,
- mental health workers,
- attitudes,
- medical assistance in dying
Resumen
El objetivo de esta síntesis del conocimiento, es ofrecer una visión general de los estudios científicos publicados sobre las actitudes de los profesionales en salud mental hacia la eutanasia y el suicidio asistido. Una investigación fue llevada a cabo en las bases de datos de Medline, PsycInfo y Embase ; once artículos que respondían a los criterios de inclusión fueron seleccionados. Los resultados muestran que, generalmente, los profesionales en salud mental tienen actitudes positivas hacia la eutanasia y el suicidio asistido, con actitudes un poco más favorables hacia este que hacia la eutanasia. Varios estudios mostraron una correlación negativa entre la importancia de la religión y sus actitudes, así como con las experiencias profesionales. La relación entre las actitudes y otras características personales (por ejemplo el género, la edad, la educación) no es, sin embargo, constante de un estudio al otro. Dos problemas particulares en el plano metodológico deben ser considerados en la interpretación de los resultados : diferencias en las definiciones y en la terminología utilizada, así como en la formulación de las preguntas. La relación entre las experiencias personales y las actitudes hacia la eutanasia o el suicidio asistido debería ser el objeto de futuras investigaciones.
Palabras clave:
- Eutanasia,
- suicidio asistido,
- profesionales en salud mental,
- actitudes,
- ayuda médica para morir
Parties annexes
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