Résumés
Résumé
L’agression sexuelle pendant l’enfance peut être un événement traumatique pour l’enfant et les membres de sa famille. Il s’agit d’un acte criminel qui nécessite des mesures d’évaluation, d’intervention et souvent de protection immédiate. Dans certains cas, ces mesures donneront lieu à des procédures légales. Bien que nous ayons une connaissance de plus en plus approfondie des conséquences associées à l’agression sexuelle et des interventions thérapeutiques efficaces, nous en savons peu sur l’influence des procédures judiciaires sur le rétablissement des enfants. Cette étude analyse les différentes trajectoires judiciaires d’enfants victimes d’agression sexuelle et leur influence sur la santé mentale des enfants ayant bénéficié d’une psychothérapie dans un centre d’appui aux enfants (CAE). Les résultats indiquent que pour près du tiers des enfants (28 %), des procédures légales allant jusqu’au témoignage à la cour ont été entreprises, le plus souvent, avant la psychothérapie. Les résultats révèlent que dans certaines circonstances, les implications judiciaires ont un effet bénéfique sur le bien-être des enfants. On observe des gains thérapeutiques plus importants chez les enfants qui ont témoigné à la cour et chez ceux pour qui il y a eu des procédures judiciaires, que pour ceux pour qui il n’y a pas eu d’implication légale. Ces résultats initiaux soulignent l’importance de mieux documenter le volet judiciaire et contribuent à définir les conditions favorisant un meilleur rétablissement chez les enfants victimes d’agression sexuelle.
Mots-clés :
- Procédures judiciaires,
- agression sexuelle,
- enfants,
- conséquences
Abstract
Sexual abuse during childhood can be traumatic for children and their families. The criminal aspect of this form of victimization requires specialized evaluations, interventions, and, often, immediate measures to ensure the child’s protection. In some cases, these lead to legal procedures. Although our knowledge regarding the consequences of child sexual abuse and effective therapeutic interventions continues to increase, we know little of the impact of legal procedures on these children’s rehabilitation. This study examines the various judiciary trajectories followed by sexually abused children and their influence on the mental health of children receiving therapeutic services in a Child Advocacy Center (CAC). Results show that about a third of the children (28 %) were involved in legal actions, sometimes including a court appearance, usually before therapy began. Our findings indicate that in some circumstances legal activities had beneficial effects on the children’s mental health. We observed greater therapeutic gains in children who testified in court and in children for whom legal procedures were undertaken than in children for whom no legal actions were taken. These initial findings underline the need for better documentation of the judicial component of such children’s experience and can help identify conditions that facilitate recovery in sexually abused children.
Keywords:
- Legal procedures,
- sexual abuse,
- children,
- consequences
Resumen
La agresión sexual durante la infancia puede ser un evento traumático para el niño y los miembros de su familia. Consiste en un acto criminal que precisa de medidas de evaluación, de intervención y, a menudo, de protección inmediata. En ciertos casos, dichas medidas darán lugar a procesos judiciales. Si bien nuestro conocimiento sobre las consecuencias asociadas a la agresión sexual y a los tratamientos terapéuticos eficaces es cada vez más profundo, poco sabemos sobre la influencia del proceso judicial sobre el restablecimiento de los niños. El presente artículo analiza las diferentes trayectorias judiciales de los niños víctimas de agresión sexual y de su influencia sobre la salud mental de aquéllos que obtuvieron una psicoterapia en un centro de ayuda a los niños. Los resultados indican que, para casi el tercio de los niños (28 %), se han realizado procedimientos judiciales, llegando incluso al testimonio en el tribunal, la mayoría de las veces antes que la psicoterapia. Los resultados revelan que, en ciertas circunstancias, las implicaciones judiciales tienen un efecto terapéutico sobre el bienestar de los niños. Se observan beneficios terapéuticos más importantes en los niños que han declarado en los tribunales y en aquéllos para los cuales se realizaron procesos judiciales que en aquéllos para los cuales no hubo implicación legal alguna. Estos resultados iniciales subrayan la importancia de documentar mejor el aspecto jurídico y contribuyen a definir las condiciones que favorezcan una mejor recuperación de los niños víctimas de agresión sexual.
Palabras clave:
- Procedimientos judiciales,
- agresión sexual,
- niños,
- consecuencias
Parties annexes
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