Résumés
Résumé
Le présent article vise à alimenter la réflexion sur les façons par lesquelles les criminologues pourraient étudier, voire réformer, les processus policiers dans le contexte de la mondialisation. Les virages socio-politico-économiques et écologiques imposés par ladite mondialisation présentent des problèmes de « sécurité humaine » auxquels on répond par de nouvelles formes d’« intervention policière » étrangères aux paradigmes existants de la criminologie. Dans cet article, nous présentons un aperçu de ces nouvelles tendances. On avance que la conception actuelle des services policiers, à savoir la notion des processus techniques perfectibles, continue à dominer la pensée des criminologues, praticiens et spécialistes, et ce, au détriment de l’atteinte d’une sécurité humaine à long terme. En nous inspirant d’un vaste corpus d’ouvrages en sciences sociales, nous proposons aux criminologues de situer la police et les « processus policiers » à l’intérieur de la notion de « gouvernance de la sécurité », celle-ci étant elle-même inscrite dans le cadre plus large d’une « économie politique de la sécurité humaine » : une architecture de transformation socio-politico-économique ancrée dans des idées, des croyances et des valeurs occidentales considérée tour à tour comme étant exploitée sciemment par les élites, fondamentalement viciée ou encore contraignante, le tout aux dépens de la sécurité humaine à long terme.
Abstract
This paper reflects upon possible future directions for the ways in which criminologists think about, and attempt to engage the reform of, policing in the context of “globalization.” The socio-politico-economic and ecological shifts associated with globalization pose many intensified challenges to “human security,” which have seen the rise of many unusual forms of “policing responses.” Many of these threats and responses are unfamiliar to established criminological paradigms. This paper overviews these developments. It is argued that established visions of policing as a set of perfectible technical processes continue to dominate both practitioner and scholarly thinking in the criminological field, to the detriment of the achievement of long-term human security. I thereby draw upon a range of social science literatures to suggest that criminologists situate notions of “policing” within the more general conceptual category of “the governance of security.” In turn, both of these categories of practices are embedded in a broader “political economy of human security”: an architecture for socio-politico-economic transformation that is premised upon Western ideas, beliefs and values that can variously be seen as exploitable by elites with ill intentions, structurally flawed, and/or conceptually constraining in ways that undermine long-term human security.
Parties annexes
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