Résumés
Abstract
Background: Social accountability in medical education is conceptualized as a responsibility to respond to the needs of local populations and demonstrate the impact of these activities. The objective of this study was to rigorously examine and compare social accountability theories, models, and frameworks to identify a theory-informed structure to understand and evaluate the impacts of medical education in Northern Ontario.
Methods: Using a narrative review methodology, prominent social accountability theories, models, and frameworks were identified. The research team extracted important constructs and relationships from the selected frameworks. The Theory Comparison and Selection Tool was used to compare the frameworks for fit and relevance.
Results: Eleven theories, models, and frameworks were identified for in-depth analysis and comparison. Two realist frameworks that considered community relationships in medical education and social accountability in health services received the highest scores. Frameworks focused on learning health systems, evaluating institutional social accountability, and implementing evidence-based practices also scored highly.
Conclusion: We used a systematic theory selection process to describe and compare social accountability constructs and frameworks to inform the development of a social accountability impact framework for the Northern Ontario School of Medicine. The research team examined important constructs, relationships, and outcomes, to select a framework that fits the aims of a specific project. Additional engagement will help determine how to combine, adapt and implement framework components to use in a Northern Ontario framework.
Résumé
Contexte : La responsabilité sociale dans l’éducation médicale est conceptualisée comme étant la responsabilité de répondre aux besoins des populations locales et de démontrer l’impact de ces activités. L’objectif de cette étude était d’examiner rigoureusement et de comparer les théories, les modèles et les cadres de la responsabilité sociale afin d’élaborer un dispositif ayant des fondements théoriques qui servirait à cerner et à évaluer les retombées de l’éducation médicale dans le Nord de l’Ontario.
Méthodes : Suivant une méthodologie de revue narrative, les théories, modèles et cadres principaux de la responsabilité sociale ont été recensés. L’équipe de recherche a extrait les concepts et les relations importants des cadres sélectionnés. Les cadres ont ensuite été comparés sur le plan de l’adéquation et de la pertinence à l’aide d’un outil de comparaison et de sélection des théories (le Theory Comparison and Selection Tool).
Résultats : Onze théories, modèles et cadres ont été retenus pour une analyse et une comparaison approfondies. Deux cadres réalistes prenant en considération les relations communautaires dans l’éducation médicale et la responsabilité sociale dans les services de soins de santé ont reçu les scores les plus élevés. Les cadres axés sur l’apprentissage des systèmes de santé e, sur l’évaluation de la responsabilité sociale des institutions et sur la mise en œuvre de pratiques fondées sur les données probantes ont également obtenu des scores élevés.
Conclusion : Nous avons utilisé un processus systématique de sélection des théories pour décrire et comparer les construits et les cadres de responsabilité sociale afin d’éclairer le développement d’un cadre de référence sur les retombées de la responsabilité sociale pour l’École de médecine du Nord de l’Ontario. L’équipe de recherche a examiné les construits importants, les liens entre ces derniers et les retombées afin de choisir un cadre pouvant répondre aux objectifs d’un projet spécifique. Des travaux ultérieurs permettront de déterminer de quelle manière il sera possible de combiner, d’adapter et de mettre en oeuvre les composantes de ce cadre qui sera utilisé dans le Nord de l’Ontario.
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