Résumés
Abstract
Background: Medical curricula are increasingly providing opportunities to guide reflection for medical students. However, educational approaches are often limited to formalized classroom initiatives where reflection is prescriptive and measurable. There is paucity of literature that explores the personal ways students may experience authentic reflection outside of curricular time. The purpose of this study was to understand how social networks might shape dimensions of reflection.
Methods: This study employed a qualitative social network analysis approach with a core sample of seven first year undergraduate medical students who described their relationships with 61 individuals in their networks. Data consisted of participant generated sociograms and individual semi-structured interviews.
Results: Many learners struggled to find significant ways to involve their social networks outside of medicine in their new educational experiences. It appeared that some medical students began in-grouping, becoming more socially exclusive. Interestingly, participants emphasized how curricular opportunities such as reflective portfolio sessions were useful for capturing a diversity of perspectives.
Conclusions: Our study is one of the first to characterize the social networks inside and outside of medical school that students utilize to discuss and reflect on early significant clinical experiences. Recent commentary in the literature has suggested reflection is diverse and personal in nature and our study offers empirical evidence to demonstrate this. Our insights emphasize the importance of moving from an instrumental approach to an authentic socially situated approach if we wish to cultivate reflective lifelong learning.
Résumé
Contexte : Les cursus d’études en médecine offrent de plus en plus d’occasions de guider la réflexion des étudiants. Cependant, les approches pédagogiques se limitent souvent à des initiatives formelles en classe où la réflexion est obligatoire et évaluée. Il y a peu d’études scientifiques sur la réflexion personnelle et authentique des étudiants en dehors des cours. Cet article vise à explorer comment les réseaux sociaux peuvent façonner des dimensions de la réflexion.
Méthodes : Cette étude est fondée sur une approche qualitative d’analyse des réseaux sociaux avec un échantillon de base de sept étudiants en première année de médecine qui ont décrit leurs relations avec 61 personnes issues de leurs réseaux. Les données sont constituées de sociogrammes créés par les participants et d’entretiens individuels semi-structurés.
Résultats : De nombreux apprenants ont eu du mal à trouver une manière de partager leurs nouvelles expériences éducatives de façon significative avec leurs réseaux sociaux extérieurs à la médecine. Le fait que les participants soulignent l’utilité des occasions qu’offre leur programme, comme les séances de réflexion sur le portfolio, pour accéder à une diversité de perspectives est également intéressant à noter.
Conclusions : Notre étude est l’une des premières à analyser l’utilisation que font les étudiants en médecine de réseaux sociaux tant l’intérieur qu’à l’extérieur de la faculté pour soutenir leur réflexion sur leurs premières expériences cliniques importantes et pour en discuter. Des publications scientifiques récentes suggèrent que ces réflexions sont personnelles et diversifiées et notre étude en apporte la preuve empirique. Nos observations soulignent l’importance de passer d’une approche instrumentale à une approche authentique et socialement située si nous souhaitons cultiver un apprentissage réflexif tout au long de la vie.
Parties annexes
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