Résumés
Abstract
Although Canada is portrayed as a benevolent multicultural society, the experiences of many of its racialized peoples point to the ongoing realities of racism. Research demonstrates that schools are central to perpetuating racism, in part through a prioritization of white Eurocentric curricula. But how might ancient history curricula specifically contribute to racism? In this article, we interrogate representations of ancient African societies as presented in three secondary school world history textbooks from Quebec and Manitoba and consider the mechanisms of anti-black racism at work. By using Fairclough’s (2003) approach to critical discourse analysis, we offer insights about how ancient history curricula do little to address the persistence of anti-black racism. Our analysis finds a continued valorisation of white Western civilizations at the expense of ancient African histories and Black peoples more generally. Further, we demonstrate how ancient history textbooks perpetuate specific anti-black discourses such as Black primitivity and an overemphasis on Black labour.
Keywords:
- history textbooks,
- critical discourse analysis,
- anti-black racism,
- ancient Africa
Résumé
Bien que le Canada soit décrit comme une société multiculturelle bienveillante, les expériences de ses peuples racialisés révèlent les réalités persistantes du racisme. La recherche démontre que les écoles jouent un rôle central dans la perpétuation du racisme, en partie par la priorisation des programmes d’études eurocentriques blancs. Mais comment les programmes d’histoire ancienne pourraient-ils spécifiquement contribuer au racisme ? Dans cet article, nous interrogeons les représentations des sociétés africaines anciennes telles qu’elles sont présentées dans trois manuels d’histoire mondiale d’écoles secondaires du Québec et du Manitoba, en considérant les mécanismes du racisme anti-noir à l’œuvre. En utilisant l›approche d›analyse critique du discours de Fairclough (2003), nous offrons un aperçu de la façon dont les programmes d’enseignement de l’histoire ancienne contribuent peu à la lutte contre la persistance du racisme anti-noir. Notre analyse révèle une valorisation soutenue des civilisations occidentales blanches au détriment des histoires africaines anciennes, et des peuples noirs de manière générale. En outre, nous démontrons comment les manuels d’histoire ancienne perpétuent des discours anti-noirs spécifiques tels que la primitivité des Noirs et une importance excessive accordée au travail des Noirs.
Mots-clés :
- manuels d’histoire,
- analyse critique du discours,
- racisme anti-noir,
- Afrique ancienne
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